Dural spread from metastatic prostate cancer

Peters, Niamh; Zemeer, Mohammed Zeeshan Zeeshan; Waters, C.; Bambury, Richard

doi:10.1136/bcr-2020-239726

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The exact mechanism of leptomeningeal dissemination is unknown, although several theories have been proposed. As the survival of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) improves, the incidence of dural metastases is likely to increase, thus a differential diagnosis should be considered in those patients with mCRPC who present with neurological symptoms (13).…”

Section: Brain Metastases In Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiotherapy in Prostate Brain Metastases: A Review of the Literature

Pinta

2022

Anticancer Res

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Brain metastases in prostate cancer are infrequent. Treatment of brain metastases includes radiotherapy. The aim of this literature review was to study whole brain radiotherapy, radiosurgery, and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and its applications in the treatment of prostate brain metastasis. We searched MEDLINE and PUBMED for articles published in the last 5 years and identified 153 articles. After examining them, 31 articles met the selection criteria and were included. Most were retrospective studies. MeSH terms used in the search included: prostate cancer OR prostate brain metastases AND radiotherapy, brain metastases AND radiotherapy AND prostate cancer. English language articles with information on the type of radiotherapy, doses and fractionation, indications, local control, toxicities, and survival of radiotherapy in prostate brain metastasis were included in this review. All articles were assessed for validity and relevant content. The usual treatment of prostate brain metastasis involves whole brain radiotherapy; however, the current trend in the metastases of prostate cancer and of other origins is the use of radiosurgery techniques or stereotactic body radiotherapy. Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in men (1). The most common diagnosis is prostate adenocarcinoma, but there are other common histologic types including clear cell carcinoma. Of the 3.1 million new cases of prostate cancer reported during 2003-2017 in the United States, 77% were local stages, 11% regional, 5% metastatic, and 7% unknown. The incidence of metastatic prostate cancer increased significantly during 2010-2017. The 5-year survival of metastatic prostate cancer improved from 28.7% during 2001-2005 to 32.3% during 2011-2016 probably due to improved diagnostic techniques and new treatments (2).The most frequent site of metastasis is the bone. Brain metastases account for less than 1%, reaching 40% in other tumors such as lung cancer (40-50%) and breast cancer (20-25%) (1-3). Brain dissemination in prostate cancer is usually hematogenous (4). As new therapies improve survival, intracranial metastatic disease has become more common. An Italian study showed an increase in the frequency of brain metastases in prostate cancer from 0.8% in the predocetaxel era to 2.8% in the post-docetaxel era (5).This review focuses on the treatment of brain metastases with radiotherapy in the last 5 years. The article includes a discussion of the changes and opportunities for whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT), including indications, clinical outcomes, and side effects. It is hoped that this review will assist in a more updated view of the management of brain metastases in these patients. MethodsWe conducted a review including data from prospective and retrospective studies, meta-analyses, reviews, and systematic reviews of English language studies in PubMed and MEDLINE with articles published in last 5 years. The MeSH term included: prostate can...

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Section: Brain Metastases In Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%