Duration and clinical outcome of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective cohort study using a medical information database from Japanese hospitals

Abstract

In this real-world, retrospective cohort study of 9753 patients in Japan prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we investigated DAPT duration and determined factors associated with early DAPT discontinuation and with event rates in patients who discontinued DAPT. The study period was April 1, 2012–March 31, 2018; endpoints comprised composite efficacy [death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke] and bleeding (intracranial, gastrointestinal, and requiring transfusion) endpoints. Overall, 68.8% of patients were continuing DAPT at 3 months post-PCI. Patients without major efficacy or safety events within 3 months after index PCI were included in a landmark analysis set (LAS; n = 7056), and categorized as DAPT ≥ 3 months (continuation) versus < 3 months (discontinuation). In the two LAS analysis groups, there was no difference in the composite bleeding endpoint (P = 0.067), although the incidence of the composite efficacy endpoint was higher in the discontinuation group (P < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, age ≥ 75 years, minor bleeding after PCI, history of cerebral infarction, history of cerebral or gastrointestinal bleeding, atrial fibrillation, dialysis, and anticoagulant use after PCI were associated with early DAPT discontinuation. Acute coronary syndrome, history of MI, kidney disorder, and anticoagulant use after PCI were associated with the composite efficacy endpoint in the discontinuation group. In conclusion, early DAPT discontinuation is more likely in patients at high bleeding risk, but may influence the occurrence of ischemic events in these patients. Determination of DAPT duration should take into account potential ischemic risk, even in patients at high bleeding risk.

Prognostic Factors of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

“…Given that the relative prevalence of NSTEMI versus STEMI has been increasing globally, the prognostic impact of NSTEMI presentation may be even more important in the current era. Indeed, it is conceivable that the present study population represents a contemporary PCI population, with the use of intravascular ultrasound, drug-eluting stents, and MCS in 98.0%, 87.2%, and 56.6%, respectively, which is in line with current clinical practice patterns in Japan [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome Associated With Ventricular Tachycardia or Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…There are several to report. First, this was a retrospective single-center study that covered 19 years, during which time PCI devices 36 and antiplatelet therapies 37 have advanced, which may influence the incidence of VT/VF and clinical outcomes. However, interventional techniques and management of patients during hospitalization have not changed significantly, except for the use of intravenous amiodarone, which gives better survival than lidocaine 38 and was approved for refractory VT/VF in 2007 in Japan.…”

Lysophosphatidylglucoside/GPR55 signaling promotes foam cell formation in human M2c macrophages

“…Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disorder involving innate and adaptive immune responses 1 , is a major cause of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases, and its incidence is steadily increasing. In 2019, ischemic heart disease and stroke were the leading and second-leading causes of death worldwide 2 , 3 . Intravascular plaques, a characteristic pathological finding of atherosclerosis, form a necrotic core composed of macrophages and dead cells 4 , 5 .…”