Duration of postviral airway hyperresponsiveness in children with asthma: Effect of atopy

Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G.; Bossios, Apostolos; Manoussakis, Emmanuel; Μανούσακας, Θεόδωρος; Saxoni-Papageorgiou, Photini

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.04.007

Cited by 79 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although we were careful to exclude patients who had had symptoms of a respiratory infection in the past 3 weeks, this time frame may not totally exclude the possibility of a recent HRV illness (14). With experimental HRV infections, virus can persist in the lower airways for more than 3 weeks in some subjects, even though the patients are free of cold symptoms (15)(16)(17)(18). In our study, however, HRV detection was greater in subjects with asthma than in normal control subjects, suggesting a feature more likely linked to asthma to explain the presence of virus and a respiratory disease in which defects in the immune response to HRV may compromise virus clearance (19,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Rhinovirus in Lower Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Woś¹,

Sanak²,

Soja³

et al. 2008

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

110

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Rationale: The common cold virus, human rhinovirus (HRV), is the most frequent cause of asthma exacerbations. However, a possible contribution of HRV to the pathogenesis of chronic, persistent asthma has not been defined. Objectives: To determine if patients with stable asthma, who are free of clinical signs of a respiratory infection for at least 3 weeks, harbor HRV in their bronchi more frequently than nonasthmatic control subjects, and whether clinical features of asthma are associated with the presence of HRV. Methods: Immunohistochemistry and the indirect in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method were used to detect the presence of HRV in bronchial mucosal biopsies in patients with asthma and nonasthmatic control subjects. Measurements and Main Results: HRV was found by immunohistochemistry in 9 of 14 bronchial biopsies from subjects with asthma (64.3%) and 2 of 6 nonasthmatic control subjects (33.3%) (P 5 0.38). With the more sensitive indirect in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method, HRV was found in the mucosal biopsies of 73% of patients with asthma and 22% of nonasthmatic control subjects (P , 0.001). Subjects positive for HRV had lower pulmonary function, higher numbers of blood eosinophils and leukocytes, and eosinophilic infiltration in bronchial mucosa. Conclusions: HRV was detected in the lower airway tissue of patients with asthma significantly more often than in nonasthmatic subjects, and its presence was associated with clinical features of more severe disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Rhinovirus in Lower Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Woś¹,

Sanak²,

Soja³

et al. 2008

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These data further support the concept that the presence of atopy may contribute to increased lower airway effects of rhinovirus infection. Also, in childhood atopy may favour a prolonged airway hyperresponsiveness after HRV-induced upper respiratory tract infections, since atopic children tend to experience more symptoms related to colds leading to asthma exacerbations than non-atopic children [132].…”

Section: Rhinovirus Infection and Asthma Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing

2014

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There is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. This review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV).RSV represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. Large epidemiological studies have revealed an unequivocal relationship between RSV infection and subsequent wheezing into childhood, thought to be related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of the airways rather than allergic sensitisation.HRV is a highly diverse group of viruses that affect subjects of all ages, is ubiquitous and occurs yearround. In contrast to RSV, infections with HRV cause minimal cytotoxicity but induce a rapid production of cytokines and chemokines with amplification of the inflammatory response. The susceptibility to HRVinduced bronchiolitis and subsequent wheezing appears to be linked to individual predisposition since it is often associated with a family or personal history of asthma/atopy.Thus, RSV probably serves as an "inducer" rather than a "trigger". Conversely, HRVs seem to serve as a "trigger" rather than an "inducer" in predisposed individuals. @ERSpublications Comprehensive overview of the different roles of RSV and HRV in the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing in childhood

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“…Recent studies have emphasised the importance of atopy and allergic inflammation in the induction and perpetuation of virus-induced respiratory diseases [85,86]. Allergens and respiratory viruses act synergistically in the expression of asthma symptoms in adults and children [13,33].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Virus-induced Exacerbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood asthma and infection: virus-induced exacerbations as determinants and modifiers: Figure 1–

Xepapadaki¹,

Papadopoulos²

2010

Eur Respir J

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Respiratory infections have been implicated in the origin and exacerbation of asthma in a variety of ways; however, systemisation of this knowledge in a way helpful for disease management remains suboptimal.Several conceptual issues need to be taken into account: the fact that the effects of an infection may vary according to genetic background, the current immune status of the host, and parallel environmental stimuli, in addition to the particular infectious agent itself. Moreover, childhood is a very special period because of the continuous processes taking place, such as neural, immune and respiratory maturation.Epidemiological studies have convincingly demonstrated that the majority of asthma exacerbations, in both adults and children, follow viral upper respiratory tract infections. Asthma exacerbations are still often unresponsive to current asthma treatment, and new therapeutic approaches are required.This review presents current knowledge on the associations between infection and exacerbation of established asthma with respect to definitions, epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment.

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Duration of postviral airway hyperresponsiveness in children with asthma: Effect of atopy

Cited by 79 publications

References 53 publications

The Presence of Rhinovirus in Lower Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

The Presence of Rhinovirus in Lower Airways of Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing

Childhood asthma and infection: virus-induced exacerbations as determinants and modifiers: Figure 1–

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