“…More often they are found when the membranous vessels course over the internal os and are, as "vasa previa," broken by the exiting fetal head or by the obstetrical attendant who ruptures the membranes (Quek & Tan, 1972). Obolensky (1967) provided a description of the differential diagnosis of fetal (versus maternal) blood for such unsuspected vaginal bleeding. The manner by which fetal blood can be distinguished from maternal blood is discussed in greater detail in the discussion on hemorrhage due to placenta previa and in Chapter 17.…”