Durum wheat seedlings in saline conditions: Salt spray versus root-zone salinity

Abstract

Salinity is an increasingly serious problem with a strong negative impact on plant productivity. Though many studies have been made on salt stress induced by high NaCl concentrations in the root-zone, few data concern the response of plants to saline aerosol, one of the main constraints in coastal areas. In order to study more in depth wheat salinity tolerance and to evaluate damage and antioxidant response induced by various modes of salt application, seedlings of Triticum turgidum ssp. durum, cv. Cappelli were treated for 2 and 7 days with salt in the root-zone (0, 50 and 200 mM NaCl) or with salt spray (400 mM NaCl + 0 or 200 mM NaCl in the root-zone). Seedlings accumulated Na+ in their leaves and therefore part of their ability to tolerate high salinity seems to be due to Na+ leaf tissue tolerance. Durum wheat, confirmed as a partially tolerant plant, shows a higher damage under airborne salinity, when both an increase in TBA-reactive material (indicative of lipid peroxidation) and a decrease in root growth were recorded. A different antioxidant response was activated, depending on the type of salt supply. Salt treatment induced a depletion of the reducing power of both ascorbate and glutathione while the highest contents of proline were detected under salt spray conditions. In the short term catalase and ascorbate peroxidase co-operated with glutathione peroxidase in the scavenging of hydrogen peroxide, in particular in salt spray-treated plants. From our data, the durum wheat cultivar Cappelli seems to be sensitive to airborne salinity

Effect of Zinc Priming on Salt Response of Wheat Seedlings: Relieving or Worsening?

“…The addition of NaCl enhanced RWC until values were not significantly different from control plants. In leaves, salt was an important factor in the control of RWC (Table 2S), and in accordance with previous data [23,49], it significantly decreased RWC. Water balance was better in plants pretreated with B in the growth medium but not when ZnO was amended as spray (Figure 6).…”

“…Though data in the literature report the induction of oxidative stress in wheat under saline conditions [23], H 2 O 2 concentration did not significantly increase in salt-treated plants in comparison with C plants (Figure 7a), the latter being however the least reactive to the treatment with Amplex Ultrared probe staining (Figure 8a). In roots, the concentration of this signalling molecule varied in function of ZnO treatment and salt presence, also in interaction (Table S1).…”

“…Subsequent treatment with NaCl caused both decrease (NPs + NaCl and SPB + NaCl) and increase (B + NaCl and SPNPs + NaCl) in oxidative damage. It should nevertheless be taken into account that previous studies showed that the same spray treatment was stressful for plants [23].…”

TiO2 nanoparticles may alleviate cadmium toxicity in co-treatment experiments on the model hydrophyte Azolla filiculoides

“…Frond chlorophylls (a, b and total) and carotenoids were extracted and determined as in Spanò and Bottega (2016), according to Hassanzadeh et al (2009) andto Lichtenthaler (1987). Pigment contents were expressed as mg g -1 FW.…”

Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Inorganic Ion Distribution in Narcissus tazetta L. var. chinensis Roem. Seedlings

“…To date, most studies have focused on plant responses to substrate salinity (Aghaleh et al, 2011;Ashraf and Akram, 2009;Julkowska and Testerink, 2015;Munns and Tester, 2008;Tavakkoli et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2017). Studies have rarely investigated the influence of salt spray (Megan, 2006;Ogura and Yura, 2008;Spano and Bottega, 2016), especially salt injury on the different ages and the different parts of plant leaves (Wang and Lin, 1999). There have been many studies on intracellular ion separation, but there have been few studies on the type of extracellular ion separation that occurs in leaves.…”