Durvalumab Consolidation Treatment after Chemoradiotherapy for an HIV-Positive Patient with Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Due to antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and non-HIV patients have a similar life expectancy. The leading cause of death among HIV patients is lung cancer. However, clinical toxicities with immune checkpoint inhibitors, including durvalumab, in HIV-positive patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. We report a 45-year-old Japanese HIV patient, who was safely treated with durvalumab consolidation therapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced NSCLC without significant toxicities until his disease progressed. This case demonstrates the safety of durvalumab consolidation therapy for HIV-positive patients after CCRT for locally advanced NSCLC.

Assessment of the safety of nivolumab in people living with HIV with advanced cancer on antiretroviral therapy: the AIDS Malignancy Consortium 095 Study

“…Hypothyroidism was noted in two (5%) participants and was successfully managed through thyroid hormone supplementation. The results of our study are consistent with studies evaluating immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD‐1 and PD‐L1 in PLWH and advanced cancers, 20–22 establish the safety of such therapy in PLWH receiving ART and suppressed HIV viral load with a CD4 count as low as 100/µL, and demonstrate the efficacy of such therapy in PLWH and KS. This report includes the largest cohort of PLWH and KS ( n = 15) treated prospectively with a PD1 inhibitor in a clinical trial, demonstrating a response rate of 40% and median duration of response of 12.5 months.…”