Duty Cycling Influences Current Generation in Multi-Anode Environmental Microbial Fuel Cells

Gardel, Emily; Nielsen, Mark E.; Grisdela, Phillip; Girguis, Peter R.

doi:10.1021/es204622m

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The capacitor was charged for hours but discharged for only less than a minute, which indicated that electroactive species around the electrode was replenished while the capacitor was being discharged. Gardel et al [9] obtained similar results with duty cycling based energy harvesting from a multianode MFC, which suggests that it was necessary to replenish depleted electron donors within the biofilm and surrounding diffusion layer to maximum charge transfer. Grondin et al [10] also investigated the power output as a function of duty cycle, but the effect of extraction frequency was not studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In this study, we investigated the energy extraction with different inductances, duty ratios, and switching frequencies to characterize how these parameters affect MFC energy output performance. The energy harvesting frequency or switching frequency of the power converter ranges from 100 to 5000 Hz, which means that our switching periods (10 msece200 msec) were orders of magnitude shorter than previous studies, which were in the range of hours [8], minutes [12] and seconds [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Power electronic converters for microbial fuel cell energy extraction: Effects of inductance, duty ratio, and switching frequency

Wang

Ren

Park

2012

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Power electronic converters for microbial fuel cell energy extraction: Effects of inductance, duty ratio, and switching frequency

Wang

Ren

Park

2012

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Recently, some strategies based on intermittent connection/disconnection operation were used to modulate the anode potential duration [24], external resistance loading [25,26] and MFC voltage [27]. However the current was still a dependent parameter in those reported strategies.…”

Section: Current Adaptation For Robust Electro-active Biofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when bio-anodes were subjected to a continuous limiting current, the anode potential would be rapidly polarized to more positive potentials beyond that suitable for microbial growth, enabling the current-adaptive growth failure. Some strategies based on intermittent connection/disconnection operation were recently developed to modulate the anode potential duration [24], external resistance loading [25,26] and MFC voltage [27]. Inspired by these studies, intermittent limiting anodic currents (ILACs) application was designed to stimulate the current-adaptive growth of anodic biofilms for the first time in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Intermittent Limiting Anodic Current Stimulation on the Electro Activity of Anodic Biofilms

Zhang¹,

Yu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

J Adv Chem Eng

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Journal of Advanced Chemical EngineeringZhang et al., J Adv Chem Eng 2017, 7:1 DOI: 10.4172/2090 Volume AbstractElectro active biofilms is key components of bio electrochemical systems. Anodic biofilms formed by a potentialadaptive way (i.e., operation with constant external resistance or poised anode potentials) generally lack the ability to adapt to limiting currents. In the present study, a strategy based on intermittent limiting anodic current application was first employed to directly stimulate the current-adaptive growth of anodic biofilms, aiming to obtain electro active biofilms with high current adaptation. Series of intermittent limiting anodic current stimulations exhibit effectiveness for enhancing the electro-activity of anodic biofilms. Porous thick anodic biofilms with less extracellular polymeric substance production could be obtained by series of intermittent limiting anodic currents application from thin biofilms, generating robust anodic biofilms. The high stable power output of 4.35 W m −2 could be achieved with robust anodic biofilms at high working current of 9.5 A m −2 . The present study show that current is a crucial factor influencing the performance of electro-active biofilms, suggesting that an alternative current-adaptive method could be developed for the growth of electro active biofilms with high performance.

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“…Several energy harvesting strategies have emerged in literature. Two predominant strategies involve either a potentiostatic operation [12][13][14][15][16][17] or a capacitor charging operation. 5,7,[18][19][20][21] In SMFC applications, the cell potential -the difference between cathode and anode potentials-can be kept constant manually adjusting the external load or automatically by using electronic feedback control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Energy Harvesting Strategies on Performance and Microbial Community for Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells

Hsu

Mohamed

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are being developed as potential energy sources where remote sensing and monitoring would be useful. Several energy harvesting techniques for SMFCs have emerged, but effects of these different strategies on startup, performance, and microbial community are not well understood. We investigated these effects by comparing a continuous energy harvesting (CEH) strategy with an intermittent energy harvesting (IEH) strategy. During startup, IEH systems immediately produced higher power and were cathode limited. CEH systems exhibited a gradual power increase and were anode-limited during startup. Both system types produced similar amounts of steady-state power, 1.5 mW ft −2 (16 mW m −2 ) when optimized. However, an IEH system using unoptimized settings could not be subsequently switched to optimal settings and produce expected power levels. The choice of energy harvester did not appear to significantly affect steady-state community structure. Anodes were dominated by γ-and δ-proteobacteria while α-and γ-proteobacteria dominated cathodes. The results suggest performance and community structure are unaffected by energy harvesting strategy, but that startup conditions influence the initial amount of harvested energy and steady-state performance, suggesting future investigations into optimizing startup of these systems are critical for rapidly generating maximum power. Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are currently being explored as persistent energy sources for remote sensors and communications in various environments. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] SMFCs are able to generate electrical current from chemical redox gradients at the sediment-water interface. Specifically, they utilize biologically catalyzed chemical reactions to oxidize organic carbon at the anode in the sediment. [9][10][11] This is typically coupled with oxygen reduction in the water column at a cathode. By putting an electronic load between the anode and cathode, useful energy can be derived to power different payloads.In order to maximize the power output of SMFCs, it is presumed that both microbial community and the energy harvesting systems need to be performing optimally. Several energy harvesting strategies have emerged in literature. Two predominant strategies involve either a potentiostatic operation 12-17 or a capacitor charging operation. 5,7,[18][19][20][21] In SMFC applications, the cell potential -the difference between cathode and anode potentials-can be kept constant manually adjusting the external load or automatically by using electronic feedback control. This potentiostatic method may cause potential oscillations as the correct external load is determined by the feedback control circuit, but generally these can be avoided because the current response of the MFC to load change is quite slow in comparison. The net effect here is that the SMFC cell potentials are considered constant and current is continuously flowing in one direction. Thus, we call this type of strategy "continuous energy harvesting" (CE...

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Duty Cycling Influences Current Generation in Multi-Anode Environmental Microbial Fuel Cells

Cited by 51 publications

References 64 publications

Power electronic converters for microbial fuel cell energy extraction: Effects of inductance, duty ratio, and switching frequency

Power electronic converters for microbial fuel cell energy extraction: Effects of inductance, duty ratio, and switching frequency

The Effect of Intermittent Limiting Anodic Current Stimulation on the Electro Activity of Anodic Biofilms

The Influence of Energy Harvesting Strategies on Performance and Microbial Community for Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells

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