Dyadic digital health interventions: Their rationale and implementation

Shaffer, Kelly M.; Mayberry, Lindsay S.; Salivar, Emily Georgia; Doss, Brian D.; Lewis, Amanda M.; Canter, Kimberly S.

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.09.097

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…One in three couples report clinical levels of relationship distress, with ramifications across multiple life domains (Proulx et al, 2007;Robles et al, 2014;Shaffer et al, 2022;Whisman et al, 2008). Despite the recognized effectiveness of traditional couple therapy (Doss et al, 2022;Roddy et al, 2020), numerous barriers, ranging from financial constraints to stigma, limit many couples' access to these essential services (Cicila et al, 2014;Shaffer et al, 2022). Online interventions have emerged as a prominent alternative to traditional therapeutic approaches (Georgia Salivar & Doss, 2013;Megale et al, 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

AI in Relationship Counselling: Evaluating ChatGPT’s Therapeutic Capabilities in Providing Relationship Advice

Vowels,

Francois-Walcott,

Darwiche

2023

Preprint

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More than one in three couples grapple with relationship issues. Rather than seeking traditional couples therapy, couples are increasingly opting for online information and advice. Recent advancements in AI have led to chatbots, such as ChatGPT, capable of providing therapeutic responses. Early research evaluating a chatbots’ responses to relationship-related questions found they are perceived as more empathic than relationship therapists. Additionally, using simulated relationship therapy sessions, relationship therapists rated chatbots high on attributes such as empathy. However, such sessions did not use real participants, so we do not yet know how users perceive ChatGPT within a relationship therapy setting, nor have the technical outcomes been systemically evaluated. In the present study, 20 participants engaged in a single session of relationship therapy with ChatGPT and were interviewed about their experiences. We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT comprising of technical outcomes such as error rate and linguistic accuracy and therapeutic quality such as empathy and therapeutic questioning. The interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis which generated four themes: light at the end of the tunnel; clearing the fog; clinical skills; and therapeutic setting. The analyses of technical and feasibility outcomes, as coded by researchers and perceived by users, show ChatGPT provides realistic single-session therapy with it consistently rated highly on attributes such as therapeutic skills, human-likeness, exploration, and useability, and providing clarity and next steps for users’ relationship problem. This study highlights the potential capabilities of ChatGPT in providing relationship advice and support.

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confidence: 99%

AI in Relationship Counselling: Evaluating ChatGPT’s Therapeutic Capabilities in Providing Relationship Advice

Vowels,

Francois-Walcott,

Darwiche

2023

Preprint

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“…Romantic relationship distress is one of the major contributors to decreased individual well-being, potentially leading to negative mental, emotional, and physical health outcomes (Proulx et al, 2007;Robles et al, 2014). However, despite couple therapy offering an effective treatment for relationship difficulties (Doss et al, 2022;Roddy et al, 2020), numerous barriers-ranging from financial concerns to scheduling conflicts and perceived stigma-often prevent distressed couples from accessing these therapeutic solutions (Cicila et al, 2014;Shaffer et al, 2022). These barriers are particularly concerning given that more than one in three couples experience clinical levels of relationship maladjustment, with widespread impact on various domains of functioning (Shaffer et al, 2022;Whisman et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite couple therapy offering an effective treatment for relationship difficulties (Doss et al, 2022;Roddy et al, 2020), numerous barriers-ranging from financial concerns to scheduling conflicts and perceived stigma-often prevent distressed couples from accessing these therapeutic solutions (Cicila et al, 2014;Shaffer et al, 2022). These barriers are particularly concerning given that more than one in three couples experience clinical levels of relationship maladjustment, with widespread impact on various domains of functioning (Shaffer et al, 2022;Whisman et al, 2008). Prior research has found that people are most likely to seek help for relationship difficulties through websites that are focused on relationships but generally do not find the information very helpful (Georgia Salivar & Doss, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Chatbots the New Relationship Experts? Insights from Three Studies

Vowels

2023

Preprint

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Relationship distress is among the most important predictors of individual distress. Over one in three couples report distress in relationships but despite the distress, couples only rarely seek help from couple therapists and instead prefer to seek information and advice online. The recent breakthroughs in the development of humanlike artificial intelligence-powered chatbots such as ChatGPT have recently made it possible to develop chatbots which respond therapeutically. Early research suggests that they outperform physicians in helpfulness and empathy in answering health-related questions. However, we do not yet know how well chatbots respond to questions about relationships. Across three studies, we evaluated the performance of chatbots in responding to relationship-related questions and in engaging in a single session relationship therapy. In Studies 1 and 2, we demonstrated that chatbots are perceived as more helpful and empathic than relationship experts and in Study 3, we showed that relationship therapists rate single sessions with a chatbot high on attributes such as empathy, active listening, and exploration. Limitations include repetitive responding and inadequate assessment of risk. The findings show the potential of using chatbots in relationship support and highlight the limitations which need to be addressed before they can be safely adopted for interventions.

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Are chatbots the new relationship experts? Insights from three studies

Vowels

2024

Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans

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Dyadic digital health interventions: Their rationale and implementation

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

AI in Relationship Counselling: Evaluating ChatGPT’s Therapeutic Capabilities in Providing Relationship Advice

AI in Relationship Counselling: Evaluating ChatGPT’s Therapeutic Capabilities in Providing Relationship Advice

Are Chatbots the New Relationship Experts? Insights from Three Studies

Are chatbots the new relationship experts? Insights from three studies

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