Dye-Labeled Polyacryloyl Hydrazide–Ag Nanoparticle Fluorescent Probe for Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Au Ion

Abstract

The efficiency of a fluorescence sensing device based on metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is dependent on the optimization of interaction between the fluorophore and the metal nanoparticle (NP). Herewith, ultrasensitive and selective turn-on sensing of Au3+ is achieved by using a suitable combination of fluorophore and metal NP system through sequential MEF effect. Dansyl hydrazide-tagged Ag NPs in the polyacryloyl hydrazide cavity are utilized to sense the picomolar concentration of Au3+ in aqueous media. We demonstrated that the selective Au3+ sensing is due to the selective deposition of Au on the Ag NP surface over the 16 other metal ions studied. The sensitivity is assigned to the strong overlapping of the emission band of the fluorophore with the surface plasmon band of the Au and improvement of fluorescence signal through successive MEF by Ag and Au colloids. The sensing is associated with a fivefold increase in fluorescence intensity and appearance of violet color of the solution. These luminescent Ag–Au bimetallic NPs may be utilized to trace cancer cells in biological systems and for cell imaging applications.

Novel Amino-pillar[5]arene as a Fluorescent Probe for Highly Selective Detection of Au3+ Ions

“…9−11 Although Au 3+ ions have versatile roles in materials science and biological systems, studies have demonstrated that Au 3+ ion-based drugs exhibit potential toxicity at certain concentrations. 12 Alternatively, the Au 3+ ions may be broken down and cause damage to the liver, kidney, and nervous system when bound to proteins and DNA. 13,14 Therefore, it was essential to explore a fast, operationally simple, and capable method to detect metabolic processes in living organisms, in view of the medically, physiologically, and environmentally important research value of gold derivatives.…”

“…Au 3+ ions, a notable heavy metal, have received great attention in chemistry and biology during recent decades and have been widely used in gold plating, environmental studies, anticancer agents, nanomaterials, efficient catalysts, biological sensors, and drug/gene delivery systems based on their unique chemical properties and high biocompatibility. − In addition, these ions have also been developed for application in the jewelry industry . Studies have shown that Au 3+ ions can be used to prepare reduced graphene oxide/Au nanoparticles (NPs), drugs, and catalysts to detect dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid; to treat tuberculosis and rheumatoid arthritis; and to activate carbon–carbon triple bonds. − Although Au 3+ ions have versatile roles in materials science and biological systems, studies have demonstrated that Au 3+ ion-based drugs exhibit potential toxicity at certain concentrations . Alternatively, the Au 3+ ions may be broken down and cause damage to the liver, kidney, and nervous system when bound to proteins and DNA. , Therefore, it was essential to explore a fast, operationally simple, and capable method to detect metabolic processes in living organisms, in view of the medically, physiologically, and environmentally important research value of gold derivatives.…”

Non‐activated Esters as Reactive Handles in Direct Post‐Polymerization Modification

“…[195] The obtained hydrazide products have been used in a variety of applications, including polymer-drug conjugates, [191,192,[196][197][198] injectable stimuli-responsive hydrogels, [199,200] gene delivery, [201] self-healing materials, [202,203] and sensors. [204]…”

“…The more sterically hindered PMA requires mild heating (60 °C), [193,194] while PMMA requires extensive heating (120 °C) for several days [195] . The obtained hydrazide products have been used in a variety of applications, including polymer‐drug conjugates, [191,192,196–198] injectable stimuli‐responsive hydrogels, [199,200] gene delivery, [201] self‐healing materials, [202,203] and sensors [204] …”