Dyeing of wool with antibiotics to develop novel infection resistance materials for extracorporeal end use

Abstract

Two antibiotics, doxycycline (Doxy) and ciprofloxacin (Cipro), were applied under a variety of conditions to wool and to hydrolyzed wool at 40°C. Nylon was used as a synthetic control. Sorption of Doxy was much higher in wool than in nylon, whereas sorption of Cipro was similar in both fibers. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed that a drastic increase in sorption of antibiotics by hydrolyzed wool was attributed to an increase in polar functional groups by peptide scission and in oxidized sulfur groups by cystine oxidation. Both sorption and zone of inhibition (ZOI) values were improved by hydrolysis of wool. Wool hydrolyzed for 20 or 40 min at 40°C and dyed with Doxy at 45°C for 3.5 h maintained around 30 mm of ZOI after 24 h of challenge by a simulated flow of blood. Wool hydrolyzed for 60 min at 40°C and dyed with Cipro at 45°C for 3.5 h also maintained its antibiotic activity for an extended time. For the most part, ZOI values for nylon dyed by both antibiotics were zero within 24 h. This technique produced infectionresistant biomaterials of potential use in extra-corporeal biomedical and biological applications.

Silk constructs for delivery of musculoskeletal therapeutics

“…Numerous studies support the feasibility of SF for localized delivery of chemical entities, including antibiotics such as doxycyclin [53, 54], rifampicin, erythromycin [55], or tetracycline (unpublished results). Known instabilities of these drugs were overcome by entrapment within silk films or 3D scaffold material e.g.…”

Fluoroquinolon‐type antibiotic treatment of PAN and cationic‐dyeable PET fibers for infection resistant materials

“…Later it was found that introduction of polar functional groups in PET fibers by using amine treatment could facilitate uptake of a certain antibiotic, resulting in its more sustained release from the substrate 7. Efficacy of polar functional groups was later confirmed by other fibers such as silk, wool, nylon, and other fibers 2–4…”

“…One of the most common biomedical materials is poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber and its end‐use can be found in many areas such as vascular graft 1–7. Utilization of poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) fiber is also common in biomedical area.…”

“…For implanted or percutaneous devices sustained release of antibiotics from infection‐resistant biomaterials is very important 2–7. Conventional dipping of the substrates into antibiotics has proven not to be completely satisfactory because of the rapid release of the agent 2–5. The studies therefore have been made to develop sustained infection resistant materials 2–7.…”

“…Conventional dipping of the substrates into antibiotics has proven not to be completely satisfactory because of the rapid release of the agent 2–5. The studies therefore have been made to develop sustained infection resistant materials 2–7. Advantage of using dyeing technology was first recognized in application of fluoro‐quinolone type antibiotics on regular PET fibers 6.…”