Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome in Postcerebral Malaria

Abstract

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a disorder involving hemiatrophy or hypoplasia of 1 cerebral hemisphere secondary to an insult in the developing brain. Often this will manifest with seizures, hemiparesis, mental retardation, and facial changes. Associated with this pathology are the radiologically evident changes, such as thickening of the calvarium, hyperpneumatization of the sinuses, and dilation of the ipsilateral lateral ventricle among others. The following is a case presentation of an 18-year-old female emigrating from Ghana who presented to the emergency department with complaints of seizures diagnosed as being caused by cerebral malaria at 13 years of age. We hypothesize that the cerebral malaria and related vascular occlusion are the causes of her acquired cerebral changes. Included are computed tomography images.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome: unusual cause of hemiplegic cerebral palsy

“…Classically, it presents with hemiparesis, focal or generalised epilepsy, facial asymmetry, varying degree of mental retardation, behavioural abnormalities, hemiatrophy and sensory disturbances. The two forms of the disease are congenital and acquired 1. Congenital form presents in the neonatal period or infancy and considered secondary to vascular insult in the antenatal or neonatal period.…”

“…Congenital form presents in the neonatal period or infancy and considered secondary to vascular insult in the antenatal or neonatal period. The acquired form is consequent to haemorrhage, trauma and ischaemic injury to the brain 1. The age of symptom onset depends on the timing of cerebral insult and the extent of brain parenchymal involvement 2.…”

The clinico-radiological spectrum of Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome in adults

“…Acquired causes are usually hemorrhagic or ischemic vascular diseases in the postnatal period. In addition, damage can be caused by trauma, tumors, and infection [25,26].…”

Neuroscience-related research in Ghana: a systematic evaluation of direction and capacity

“… KATH, KBTH, UG-MS Neurological problems associated with non-nervous system diseases (e.g., malaria, cancer and HIV/AIDS) 20 (15.7 %) Delayed neuropsychiatric effects of malaria; psychological distress in Ghana; development of stroke care; psychosocial aspects of breast cancer treatment; post cerebral malaria and associated syndromes; chronic conditions and sleep problems among adults; socioeconomic burden of chronic diseases among adults; bullying and psychological health; CNS lesions caused by cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV; spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Steele and Baffoe-Bonnie 1995 Pediatr Infect Dis J 14(4):281–285; Amedofu et al 1997 Afr J Health Sci 4(1):29–32; Dugbartey et al Nerv Ment Dis 186(3):183–186; Hogson et al 2001 Int J Epidem 30:1440–1446; Obajimi et al 2002a West Afr J Med 21(1):60–62; Obajimi et al 2002b West Afr J Med 21(2):121–123; Armah et al 2005 Int J Environ Res Public Health 2(1):123–131; Bedu-Addo 2006 West Afr J Med 25(3): 252–253; Akpalu and Nyame 2009 Ghana Med J 43(4):157–163; Clegg-Lamptey et al 2009 East Afr Med J 86(7):348–353; Karuppiah et al 2009 J Child Neurol 24(4):487–490; Dinglas et al 2011 West Afr J Med 30(2):84–88; Gould et al 2011 Int J Stroke 6(2):150–151; Owusu et al 2011 J Sch Health 81:231–238; Asante 2012 Afr J Psychiatry 15:340–345; Canavan et al 2013 Int J Ment Health Syst 7:9; Donkor et al 2014 Clin Interv Aging 9:1701–1708; Koyanagi et al 2014 BMJ Open 5(4):e007313; Minicuci et al 2014 Glob Health Action 7: 21292; Essuman et al 2010 Malaria J 9:232. KNUST, KBTH, KATH, UG-MS, UG, Ridge Hospital, Tamale Central Hospital Clinical surveys and case reports 13 (10.2 %) Enteroviruses and neurological impairments; impact of blood glucose and cholesterol levels on the manifestation of psychiatric disorders; common psychiatric disorders among adults; psychiatric disorders among adolescents; misdiagnosis of alternating hemiplegia as intractable epilepsy; classical Rett syndrome.…”

“…As the prevalence of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases in Africa has been predicted to increase in the near future, the amount of disease-associated burdens are also expected to rise (George-Carey et al 2012 ). Furthermore, many common diseases in Africa do have associated neurocognitive impairments; examples include malaria, tuberculosis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and the neglected tropical diseases (Alkali et al 2013 ; Karuppiah et al 2009 ; Lekoubou et al 2014 ; Mireku et al 2015 ; Pepper et al 2009 ). Taken together, neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as neurocognitive problems associated with non-nervous system disorders, do represent major public health challenges in Africa.…”