Dynamic 3D (4D) in objective classification of severe back deformities

Diers, Helmut; Mooshake, Sven; Heitmann, Kjell

doi:10.1186/1748-7161-4-s2-o16

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In the standing erect position, using the Formetrics system ( Figure 2), the vertebral rotation, the kyphotic and lordotic angle, the pelvic obliquity and pelvic torsion, and, finally, the apical deviation were also calculated. The children and the adolescents were divided into three groups according to the severity of trunk asymmetry [4][5][6][7]. In the first group, the examined subjects were symmetric (0º-2º).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Scoliometer and a Surface Topography Apparatus to Check if Back Trunk Asymmetry Changes in Children and Adolescents in the Forward Flexion and Standing Erect Positions

Maragkoudakis¹,

Gelalis²,

Grivas³

et al. 2019

Cureus

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Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the forward bending (FB) test versus the standing erect (SE) position on back trunk asymmetry (TA). The Scoliometer in the FB position and the 4D Formetric (4DF; Diers International, Schlangenbad, Germany) readings in the SE position were assessed. Method The angle of trunk inclination (ATI) was measured at the midthoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbar levels using the Scoliometer in the FB position and the 4DF in the SE position. A total of 134 subjects attending the scoliosis clinic (86 girls and 48 boys), age ranging from seven to 18 years, were assessed. The children and adolescents were divided into three groups according to the severity of TA, symmetric group 1 (0-2 degrees), asymmetry group 2 (2 to 6 degrees), and group 3 having asymmetry of seven or more degrees. Children with leg length discrepancy were excluded from the study. The IBM SPSS v.20 package (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used for analysis. Results At the midthoracic level comparing the Scoliometer to 4DF readings in males in group 1, the Wilcoxon signed ranks test was p=0.451 while for the Spearman's Rho, it was-0.138; in group 2, p=0.184 and Rho=0.204; and in group 3, p=0.109 and Rho=0.500. For females in group 1, p=0.000 while Rho=0.003; in group 2, p=0.008 and Rho=0.000, and in group 3, p=0.003 while Rho=0.642. At the thoracolumbar level in males for group 1, p=0.004 and Rho=-0.517; in group 2, p=0.006 and Rho=0.000; and in group 3, p=0.043 while Spearman's Rho=0.053. For females in group 1, p=0.000 and Rho=-0.095; in group 2, p=0.000 and Rho=-0.171; in group 3, p=0.001 while Rho=-1 2 3 4 5 6

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Scoliometer and a Surface Topography Apparatus to Check if Back Trunk Asymmetry Changes in Children and Adolescents in the Forward Flexion and Standing Erect Positions

Maragkoudakis¹,

Gelalis²,

Grivas³

et al. 2019

Cureus

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“…The total number of the questions was chosen and categorized accordingly to the SOSORT guidelines and scientific articles of IS. The development of questions was carried out by the authors who subsequently divided the questionnaire into the following 8 domains: (1) physical functioning (question numbers 1,5,6,20,21,23,24,25,26,34,35,40), (2) self-image (question numbers 2, 47, 49, 50), (3) Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSEs) (question numbers 3,19,27,28,32,37,38,39), (4) psychosocial functioning (question numbers 4,7,22,29,36,41,42,44,45,46,48,51), (5) cognitive functioning (question numbers 11,18, 30, 52,53), ( 6) compliance (question numbers 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16), ( 7) motivation (question numbers 17,33), and ( 8) pain (question numbers 31,43).…”

Section: The Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Formetric 4D DIERS is a scanning system with a light projector, which scans the back of the patient. This system is connected to a computer that analyzes the data and provides information about the posture of the body, spinal curves (frontal, lateral), pelvic position, vertebral rotation, and muscle imbalance [19].…”

Section: Formetric 4d-diersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Questionnaire of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis—QPSSE

Grivas,

Dadakaridou,

Fokidi

et al. 2024

JCM

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Study design: Creating and psychometric testing of a new QoL Questionnaire about Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis (Questionnaire of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis—QPSSE). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create a reliable and valid questionnaire for patients suffering from mild and moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who have been treated with Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis (PSSE) in order to evaluate their quality of life. Materials and Methods: The developed questionnaire was based on a thorough literature review as well as on authors’ experience. It consists of 53 questions, of which 37 have a positive meaning, 15 have a negative meaning, and 1 is a multiple choice question; additionally, there are 6 “open” questions. Except for the multiple choice question, all other questions are answered on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5 points. Five represents a positive meaning or very positive one, whereas one stands for a negative meaning or none at all. Questions were developed by the authors who subsequently categorized the 53 questions into the following eight domains: physical functioning, self-image, Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSEs), psychosocial functioning, cognitive functioning, compliance, motivation, and pain. A pilot study was conducted so that we could calculate Cronbach’s Alpha based on the outcome. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors worked through the Zoom online platform to structure the questionnaire. Results: Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for all correlations evaluated. P values of less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s Alpha. Although there were very few missing values, accounting for 0.78% of the total values of the questionnaire, the expectation maximization likelihood algorithm was used to impute data. IBM® SPSS® Statistics Software v.25 was used for the analysis. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients for the overall score were 0.84. Conclusions: This original QPSSE was found to be a reliable and valid tool for AIS treated conservatively with PSSE and for the patients’ clinicians.

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“…It is cost-saving, convenient and can reduce ionizing radiation exposure, comparing to traditional radiograph methods [5]. DIERS 4D Formetric system based on moiré principle and reconstructs the anatomy of the spine virtually from the back surface with a frequency of up to 24 Hz [6,7]. The spine posture data measuring from it has shown high validity from previous studies [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Topography Assessments of Spine Shape Change within the Day in Healthy Male Adults

Lü¹,

Xiang²,

Wiltshire³

2021

Molecular &Amp; Cellular Biomechanics

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Surface topography is a no-invasive, radiation-free method that can measure sufficient surface spine parameters by the structured back surface scan and a precise anatomical landmarks recognition. The purpose of the present study was to measure the spine shape parameter changes within the day via the DIERS Formetric 4D analysis system. Ten male healthy volunteers were recruited to participate in the experiment. All participants were sedentary people with the average sitting time during study or work t ≥ 8 h and without any back disease in the past six months. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, which set time points within the day as variable and shape results as the dependent variable. The significant difference could be found for the trunk length VP-DM with a one-way ANOVA test of p = 0.011. There was a significant difference (p = 0.024) between time slots of 9 am and 7 pm with 95%CI (-15.83, -1.01) and MD -8.42. No significant difference statistically for the scoliosis angle and the p-value of the one-way ANOVA test is 0.715. There was no significant difference for trunk inclination VP-DM with a one-way ANOVA test of p = 0.284. Statistical analysis depicted no significant difference for the trunk imbalance VP-DM with a one-way ANOVA test of p = 0.730. Trunk length VP-DM was significantly decreased in the afternoon and evening. This may be a potential back pain risk for sedentary individuals. Regular physical activity and mild to moderate exercise are recommended to improve spinal stability and maintain spinal shape.

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Dynamic 3D (4D) in objective classification of severe back deformities

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Using the Scoliometer and a Surface Topography Apparatus to Check if Back Trunk Asymmetry Changes in Children and Adolescents in the Forward Flexion and Standing Erect Positions

Using the Scoliometer and a Surface Topography Apparatus to Check if Back Trunk Asymmetry Changes in Children and Adolescents in the Forward Flexion and Standing Erect Positions

A Questionnaire of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises of Scoliosis—QPSSE

Surface Topography Assessments of Spine Shape Change within the Day in Healthy Male Adults

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