“…This strategy, based on the differential law associated with the strain-driven nonlocal strain gradient integral model, was originally conceived by Lim et al (2015) for applications in wave propagation. In curved structures, the non-standard constitutive boundary conditions associated with the nonlocal gradient integral convolutions have been ignored (She et al, 2019a,b;Karami et al, 2019b;Sobhy and Abazid, 2019;Barati, 2018, 2017) and non-pertinent higher-order boundary conditions of strain gradient theory have been enforced. This issue has been recently addressed by Marotti de Sciarra (2018, 2019) for straight nanobeams, and advantageously exploited by Apuzzo et al (2018Apuzzo et al ( , 2019.…”