Dynamic awareness of age‐related losses predict concurrent and subsequent changes in daily inductive reasoning performance

Zhu, Xianghe; Neupert, Shevaun D.

doi:10.1111/bjdp.12344

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This finding was consistent across all age subgroups but strongest in advanced old age; supporting the greater accuracy of older individuals in reporting cognitive difficulties (Jessen et al, 2014). A recent study examining daily within-person variability in AARC and cognitive performance showed that AARC losses predict within-person decreases in inductive reasoning on the same day and decreases from day 1 to the next (Zhu and Neupert, 2020). Despite the methodological differences between this study and ours, both found that among several cognitive domains AARC is most strongly associated with reasoning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Eighth, the cognitive tests were completed on a separate day (within 2 months) to that on which participants answered the AARC questionnaires. This is a limitation as levels of perceived cognitive gains and losses can vary on a daily basis (Zhu and Neupert, 2020). However, cognitive functioning among individuals without dementia is generally stable over 2 months (e.g.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition

Sabatini

Ukoumunne

Ballard

et al. 2021

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Objectives: Evidence linking subjective concerns about cognition with poorer objective cognitive performance is limited by reliance on unidimensional measures of self-perceptions of aging (SPA). We used the awareness of age-related change (AARC) construct to assess self-perception of both positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses). We tested whether AARC has greater utility in linking self-perceptions to objective cognition compared to well-established measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. We examined the associations of AARC with objective cognition, several psychological variables, and engagement in cognitive training. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Participants: The sample comprised 6056 cognitively healthy participants (mean [SD] age = 66.0 [7.0] years); divided into subgroups representing middle, early old, and advanced old age. Measurements: We used an online cognitive battery and measures of global AARC, AARC specific to the cognitive domain, subjective cognitive change, attitudes toward own aging (ATOA), subjective age (SA), depression, anxiety, self-rated health (SRH). Results: Scores on the AARC measures showed stronger associations with objective cognition compared to other measures of self-perceptions of cognition and aging. Higher AARC gains were associated with poorer cognition in middle and early old age. Higher AARC losses and poorer cognition were associated across all subgroups. Higher AARC losses were associated with greater depression and anxiety, more negative SPA, poorer SRH, but not with engagement in cognitive training. Conclusions: Assessing both positive and negative self-perceptions of cognition and aging is important when linking self-perceptions to cognitive functioning. Objective cognition is one of the many variables – alongside psychological variables – related to perceived cognitive losses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition

Sabatini

Ukoumunne

Ballard

et al. 2021

Int. Psychogeriatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Daily fluctuation in AARC is related to fluctuation in other variables such as levels of positive and negative affect (Neupert and Bellingtier, 2017) and control beliefs (Zhang and Neupert, 2020). As daily fluctuation in AARC influences daily cognitive performance (O'Brien et al, 2020; Zhu and Neupert, 2020), the fluctuating nature of AARC gains and losses may limit the predictive accuracy of the AARC questionnaire. It would, therefore, be important in future research to control for variables (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring awareness of age-related changes among over 50s in the UK: findings from the PROTECT study

Sabatini

Ukoumunne

Ballard

et al. 2021

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Objectives: Older people describe positive and negative age-related changes, but we do not know much about what contributes to make them aware of these changes. We used content analysis to categorize participants’ written comments and explored the extent to which the identified categories mapped onto theoretical conceptualizations of influences on awareness of age-related change (AARC). Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Participants: The study sample comprised 609 UK individuals aged 50 years or over (mean (SD) age = 67.9 (7.6) years), enrolled in the PROTECT study. Measurements: Between January and March 2019, participants provided demographic information, completed a questionnaire assessing awareness of age-related change (AARC-10 SF), and responded to an open-ended question asking them to comment on their responses. Results: While some of the emerging categories were in line with the existing conceptual framework of AARC (e.g. experiencing negative changes and attitudes toward aging), others were novel (e.g. engagement in purposeful activities or in activities that distract from age-related thoughts). Analysis revealed some of the thought processes involved in selecting responses to the questionnaire items, demonstrating different ways in which people make sense of specific items. Conclusions: Results support the ability of the AARC questionnaire to capture perceived age-related changes in cognitive functioning, physical and mental health, and engagement in social activities and in healthy and adaptive behaviors. However, findings also suggest ways of enriching the theoretical conceptualization of how AARC develops and offer insights into interpretation of responses to measures of AARC.

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“…In sum, by exploring, for the first time, changes in cognitive functioning as predictors of AARC-gains and AARC-losses, this study made it possible to extent previous cross-sectional and micro-longitudinal evidence on the associations of AARC-gains and AARC-losses with cognitive functioning (Sabatini, Ukoumunne, Ballard, Collins, Anstey, et al, 2021; Zhu & Neupert, 2021). We confirmed that the association between poorer cognition and more AARC-losses is consistently small also at the longitudinal level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

Sabatini¹,

Siebert²,

Diehl³

et al. 2022

Psychology and Aging

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Research exploring whether health predicts self-perceptions of aging (SPA) has mostly focused on single predictors and has been hampered by short observational intervals. We examined whether 20-year changes in cognitive functioning, physical and mental health predict SPA. We used data of 103 German participants who remained of a sample of 500 participants born in 1930-1932 enrolled in the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE) in 1993/1996 (mean age at fourth measurement wave = 82.5 years). Health indicators included six cognitive tests, objective and subjective physical health, and self-reported depression. We used a new and multidimensional (awareness of age-related gains and losses) and a well-established (attitudes toward own aging) measure of SPA. Linear regression analyses showed that, among the cognitive tests, decline in information processing speed (Digit Symbol) predicted less awareness of age-related gains and more awareness of age-related losses but not attitudes toward own aging. Decline in subjective but not objective physical health, predicted more awareness of age-related losses and negative attitudes toward own aging, but not awareness of age-related gains. Increase in depressive symptoms predicted more awareness of age-related losses and negative attitudes toward own aging, but not awareness of age-related gains. The size of associations suggests that objective cognitive decline has limited influence on older adults' SPA and, if so, only when the decline is related to mental slowing. Similarly, perceived physical and mental health, but not objective health, have a small-to-moderate influence on awareness of age-related losses and attitudes toward own aging.

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Dynamic awareness of age‐related losses predict concurrent and subsequent changes in daily inductive reasoning performance

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition

Cross-sectional association between objective cognitive performance and perceived age-related gains and losses in cognition

Exploring awareness of age-related changes among over 50s in the UK: findings from the PROTECT study

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

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