Dynamic boronate esters cross-linked guanosine hydrogels: A promising biomaterial for emergent applications

Regulating Boronic Ester Bonds in Bilayer Hydrogels toward Fabricating Multistimuli-Triggered Actuators

“…21,22 The as-prepared dynamic hydrogels with B−O bonds show promising applications in the fields of sensors, biomedicine, and tissue engineering. 23,24 It is well known that a soft actuator is also one of the important applications for hydrogels with multiple networks or cross-links. The driving force of achieving the reversible or programmable shape transformation of the hydrogels commonly arises from the mechanical instability caused by asymmetric swelling/deswelling capacities of different parts of the hydrogel bulk.…”

“…This structure is reversible, which depends on the environmental pH and temperature. , Increasing pH or decreasing temperature is conducive to cyclization, and accordingly, this dynamic bonding can be used as a structural design strategy for fabricating the pH- or temperature-triggered substrates to detect biomolecules or to deliver drug components. − The most attractive feature of B–O bonding is that the reactants such as borax are water-soluble, and boronic acid formed via the hydrolysis of borax acts as a Lewis acid to accept electron pairs, forming the complexes with Lewis bases. , In other words, B–O bonding easily occurs in aqueous solutions with water-soluble polyols or other substrates with electron-donating groups. Thus, B–O bonding has been widely used as a networking strategy to fabricate hydrogel materials. − The reported studies around the hydrogels with B–O bonds are mainly involved (a) as a structural unit to construct the secondary (weak) networks or cross-links for improving mechanical performance of hydrogels; , (b) as a responsive unit to endow the networks with reconstruction capability for realizing multistimulus responsiveness; − and (c) as a functional unit to fabricate ionic hydrogels for developing flexible devices. , The as-prepared dynamic hydrogels with B–O bonds show promising applications in the fields of sensors, biomedicine, and tissue engineering. , …”

Synthesis and Structural Studies of Nucleobase Functionalized Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Vitamins

“…The bioconjugation of a synthesized cytosine functionalized nucleopeptide with guanosine and 4-formylphenylboronic acid resulted in the formation of an injectable G-quadruplex hydrogel which displayed excellent inherent antibacterial activities . A recent review described the biomedical applications of such dynamic boronate esters cross-linked guanosine-quadruplex hydrogels . The supramolecular functional materials developed via the self-assembly of peptide biomolecules have been studied thoroughly over the past few years. − The self-assembly of the peptide-based molecules including peptide bolaamphiphiles, aromatic N-terminal capped peptides, and short hybrid peptides led to the formation of different varieties of supramolecular nanostructures like vesicles, nanofibers, micelles, nanotubes, and ribbons. − Therefore, these peptide-based supramolecular architectures find promising applications in various fields like drug delivery, cancer therapy, and tissue engineering. − We envisioned the synthesis of an epitope assembled from a nucleobase and an amino acid resulting in biomaterial with a unique self-assembling behavior.…”

“…15 recent review described the biomedical applications of such dynamic boronate esters cross-linked guanosine-quadruplex hydrogels. 16 The supramolecular functional materials developed via the self-assembly of peptide biomolecules have been studied thoroughly over the past few years. 17−19 The self-assembly of the peptide-based molecules including peptide bolaamphiphiles, aromatic N-terminal capped peptides, and short hybrid peptides led to the formation of different varieties of supramolecular nanostructures like vesicles, nanofibers, micelles, nanotubes, and ribbons.…”

Waterproof, Chemically Durable, and Closed-Loop Recyclable Poly(vinyl alcohol) Plastic Enabled by Dynamic Covalent Modification

“…Among them, the borate ester bond has attracted much attention for its easy preparation and inherent stability. The borate ester bond can be formed by the reaction of boric acid and diol in anhydrous organic solvent, and the borate ester bond can be easily dissociated into boric acid and diol in acidic medium with pH lower than p K a . At the same time, anthracene can be photodimerized by [4 + 4] cycloaddition under 365 nm ultraviolet irradiation, and the corresponding dedimerization can be achieved under heating conditions.…”