Dynamic cell adhesion and migration on nanoscale grooved substrates

Abstract

Organised nanotopography mimicking the natural extracellular matrix can be used to control morphology, cell motility, and differentiation. However, it is still unknown how specifi c cell types react with specifi c patterns. Both initial adhesion and preferential cell migration may be important to initiate and increase cell locomotion and coverage with cells, and thus achieve an enhanced wound healing response around an implantable material. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate how MC3T3-E1 osteoblast initial adhesion and directional migration are infl uenced by nanogrooves with pitches ranging from 150 nm up to 1000 nm. In this study, we used a multipatterned substrate with fi ve different groove patterns and a smooth area with either a concentric or radial orientation. Initial cell adhesion measurements after 10 s were performed using atomic force spectroscopy-assisted single-cell force spectroscopy, and demonstrated that nascent cell adhesion was highly induced by a 600 nm pitch and reduced by a 150 nm pitch. Addition of RGD peptide signifi cantly reduced adhesion, indicating that integrins and cell adhesive proteins (e.g. fi bronectin or vitronectin) are key factors in specifi c cell adhesion on nanogrooved substrates. Also, cell migration was highly dependent on the groove pitch; the highest directional migration parallel to the grooves was observed on a 600 nm pitch, whereas a 150 nm pitch restrained directional cell migration. From this study, we conclude that grooves with a pitch of 600 nm may be favourable to enhance fast wound closure, thereby promoting tissue regeneration.

Syntenin-1 and Ezrin Proteins Link Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule to the Actin Cytoskeleton

“…AFM-SCFS Measurements-Cells were attached to tipless AFM cantilevers (MLCT-O10, Bruker, Santa Barbara, CA) by concanavalin A (ConA)-mediated linkages as described (26,43,44). In short, ConA-coated cantilevers were prepared as follows.…”

“…8B). The maximum force (F max ) needed to detach the cell from the substrate, derived from the distance between the maximum and baseline of the detachment curve, was taken as a measure for overall cell adhesion (26,44). After the initial acquisition of F-D curves, K562-ALCAM-WT as well as K562-ALCAM-⌬Thr cells were blocked in situ with the anti-ALCAM mAb AZN-L50 and re-examined under identical experimental conditions (Fig.…”

Semaphorin 7A Promotes Chemokine-Driven Dendritic Cell Migration

“…Five measurements were performed per cell and used for subsequent calculation. Detachment forces were determined after baseline correction of F-D curves with a macro in Matlab (27). Force-step analysis and cell elasticity were determined from F-D curves using in-house Igor Pro 6 (WaveMetrics) algorithms (28).…”

Large area periodic, systematically changing, multishape nanostructures by laser interference lithography and cell response to these topographies

“…Their applications include optical gratings, 1 photonic crystals, 2 biosensors, [3][4][5] and fabrication of surface topographies for microbiological studies. [6][7][8][9][10] There are several ways to create nanoscale pattern, but most of them, e.g., electron beam lithography (EBL) and focused ion beam lithography (FIB), have low fabrication speed and typically require complex instrumentation. Laser interference lithography (LIL) is a simple and relatively inexpensive technique to create periodic structures over large areas.…”