Dynamic corrosion of Al2O3–ZrO2–SiO2 and Cr2O3-containing refractories by molten frits. Part II: Microstructural study

Dynamic corrosion of Al2O3–ZrO2–SiO2 and Cr2O3-containing refractories by molten frits. Part I: Macroscopic analysis

“…In order to establish the specific effects of the studied frits on each kind of material, the microstructural analysis of the frit-refractory interfaces in corroded specimens was done and is reported in Part II of this work. 4 …”

Dynamic and static corrosion of alpha-alumina bonded refractory in contact with molten soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass

“…Hence, the refractory materials that are in contact with glass at elevated temperatures must have excellent chemical and mechanical stability [2]. Alumina is one of the most important refractory materials in glass furnaces due to its high melting point, good mechanical properties such as high hardness, high compressive strength, high elastic modulus and, good chemical and thermal stability [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…However, large sections of bonded alumina refractories were not being used in glass industry until the 1960s'. It has been found that the high alumina refractories are durable in glass production and melting furnaces and, in contact with special lead containing alkali metal silicate glasses, because of its high corrosion resistance [5][6][7][8]. The temperature of the molten glass in production channel designed for feeding molten glass for forming is between 1000 and 1350 ºC [1,2] depending on the composition of glass.…”

“…The chemical corrosion and physical wear may act synergistically in determining the overall refractory corrosion and wear [6,7]. The corrosion resistance of any refractory material, characterized by the rate of dissolution of the refractory into a molten glass, is dependent on several factors [6][7][8].…”

Corrosion–erosion wear of refractory bricks in glass furnaces

“…Therefore an alternative in the materials used in the glass production furnaces are alumina-zirconia-silica (AZS) refractory because the ZrO 2 has a high melting point and it is also a thermodynamically stable oxide. These are widely used, although few have been reported about its failure mechanisms, so this paper reports the failure mechanisms of electrocasted refractory type AZS [9][10][11][12][13] …”