Dynamic cytokinin signalling landscapes during lateral root formation in Arabidopsis

Nenadić, Milica; Vermeer, Joop E. M.

doi:10.1017/qpb.2021.13

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…There, auxin abundance and auxin signalling are maximal in the QC and the columella cells (Sabatini et al ., 1999) while cytokinins signalling is maximal in the root cap, the pro-vasculature above the QC and the distal region of the differentiation zone (Bielach et al ., 2012; Marhavý et al ., 2014; Montesinos et al ., 2020). Auxin and cytokinin tightly regulate each phase of LR development (Nenadić and Vermeer, 2021). We set to see if in the developing LR the position of the new stem cell niche is defined by the same complementary pattern.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive maturation of the root apical meristem inArabidopsis thalianalateral roots

Berthet

Bald

Louveaux

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Meristems are stem cells niches that support the formation of all plant organs and are either set during embryogenesis and maintained throughout the plant life or specified de novo, post-embryonically. The embryo-derived root apical meristem is organized around a group of infrequently dividing cells, the quiescent centre, that maintains the stem cells, organizes growth along two axes and owing to its resistance to 3ic stress can replace damaged stem cells. In most cases, lateral roots post-embryonically branch off the primary and establish a new root meristem which organization is identical to the primary root one. The cellular and molecular processes underpinning the emergence of new stem cell niches are not well known. Here, we characterize the de novo establishment of the root apical meristem in lateral roots. While the position of the new stem cell niche is set early during morphogenesis, its cellular layout, unique gene expression profile and mitotic quiescence are only acquired after emergence concomitant to the establishment of two diverging growth axis. Our results show that the intertwined attributes of the mature root stem cell niche are progressively acquired during lateral root formation, and support a model in which the position of the stem cell niche emerges from the establishment of diverging growth axis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive maturation of the root apical meristem inArabidopsis thalianalateral roots

Berthet

Bald

Louveaux

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Lateral Root Formation

Bellande

Laplaze

Guyomarc’h

2022

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The underground development of the plant root system is a complex and plastic process. It enables the plants to mine hydromineral resources while dealing with changes in their environment. Root branching via lateral root formation is considered as an important trait because it greatly influences root system architecture and impacts plant growth and crop performance. In the past few years, major progresses in understanding the mechanisms of root branching have been made. Technical advances lift the veil on multiple molecular and cellular processes that contribute to the robust formation of new lateral roots in plant models and to its response to endogenous and environmental cues. Developing translational approaches should increase in the coming decades to allow a global and integrative vision of root system development and the mechanisms of root branching in various plant species. Moreover, exploring the genetic diversity that modulates this fundamental process opens the way to breeding crops with more efficient root system architectures. Key Concepts Lateral root formation significantly influences root system architecture, a key trait for plant interaction with the soil and especially, plant nutrition. Lateral root primordium initiation, development and emergence from the primary root have been well described in several plant model species. Lateral root formation is highly regulated. Many molecular mechanisms involved in this organogenesis process are known in detail, especially in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana . Among these, the phytohormone auxin is a key regulatory signal influencing each step of lateral root formation. A complex regulatory network, integrating intercellular signals and mechanical constraints, triggers regularly spaced initiation of lateral root formation, allows robust organ patterning, and controls the lateral root primordium growth through the overlaying primary root tissues. Endogenous and environmental signals modulate lateral root formation kinetics and emergence, yielding plasticity in root system development. Comparison of lateral root development in different plant species reveals specific and conserved pathways. Genetic diversity can be explored and used to breed crops with optimised root branching properties.

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Rhizobium rhizogenes infection in threatened Indian orchid Dendrobium ovatum mobilises ‘Moscatilin’ to enhance plant defensins

Pujari

Babu

2022

3 Biotech

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The present study illustrates the transformation ability of two wild-type bacterial strains of Rhizobium rhizogenes (MTCC 532 and MTCC 2364) on the embryogenic callus and callus-derived plantlets of a threatened Indian orchid, Dendrobium ovatum. Co-culture of the bacterium with the explants gave marginal hairy root phenotype that failed to multiply in the culture medium. Some primary and secondary metabolites were subdued in infected explants. Moscatilin, the stilbenoid active principle in D. ovatum, was found below the detection limit. The presence of two metabolites viz., Laudanosine, a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid and Lyciumin B, a cyclic peptide, were detected exclusively in the infected explants. The subjugated amino acids and phenolics in the infected plantlets were routed to produce phytoanticipins, and phenanthrenes, strengthening the defence mechanism in infected tissues. This research implies that the plant's defence mechanism activation could have prevented the extensive hairy root formation in the explants, even though nodulations and phenotype transitions were witnessed. Moscatilin has a structural resemblance with Resveratrol, a phytoalexin that combats bacterial and fungal pathogens. The study favours the possibility of Moscatlin being a precursor for phenanthrene compounds, thereby serving as a ‘phytoanticipin’ during the infection phase.

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Dynamic cytokinin signalling landscapes during lateral root formation in Arabidopsis

Cited by 5 publications

References 99 publications

Progressive maturation of the root apical meristem inArabidopsis thalianalateral roots

Progressive maturation of the root apical meristem inArabidopsis thalianalateral roots

Lateral Root Formation

Rhizobium rhizogenes infection in threatened Indian orchid Dendrobium ovatum mobilises ‘Moscatilin’ to enhance plant defensins

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