Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment by Facial Expression

Xiang, Nan; Yang, Lili; Zhang, Mingmin

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-4796-1_97

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Subjects reported that they "might feel stupid [...] to try to smile all the time" and needed "an indicator for the reaction from the facial tracking". In a similar way, Xiang, Yang and Zhang [37] used "frustrated", "excited", "relax" and "bored" FEs to adapt the difficulty of a Tetris-like game.…”

Section: A Voluntary Facial Expression and Affective Control In Hcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of facial expressions as an interaction mechanism and their impact on affect, workload and usability in an AR game

Transon

Verhulst

Normand

et al. 2017

2017 23rd International Conference on Virtual System &Amp; Multimedia (VSMM)

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With the recent development of Head Mounted Display (HMD) for Virtual Reality (VR) allowing to track and recognize user's Facial Expression (FE)s in real-time, we investigated the impact that the use of FEs as an action-trigger input mechanism (e.g. a FE mapped to a single action) has on our emotional state; as well as their workload and usability compared to the use of a controller button. We developed an Augmented Reality (AR)-based memory card where the users select virtual cards using a wand and flip them using either a FE (smiling; frowning) or a Xbox controller button. The users were separated into three groups: (1) flipping the card with a smile (n = 10); (2) flipping the card with a frown (n = 8) and (3) flipping the cards with the Xbox controller button (n = 11). We did not see any significant differences between our groups in: (i) the positive and negative affect of the participants and (ii) the reported workload and usability, thus highlighting that the FEs could be used inside a HMD in the same way as a controller button.

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Section: A Voluntary Facial Expression and Affective Control In Hcimentioning

confidence: 99%