Dynamic failure and adiabatic shearbands in fine-grain 93W–4.9Ni–2.1Fe alloy with Y2O3 addition under lower high-strain-rate (HSR) compression

Microstructure and highly enhanced mechanical properties of fine-grained tungsten heavy alloy after one-pass rapid hot extrusion

“…Plastic deformation strengthening has been widely used to enhance the comprehensive mechanical properties of liquid-phase sintered tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) for the military application in kinetic energy penetrators [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Over the past several decades, several plastic processing technologies have been developed to further improve the mechanical properties of WHAs, including swaging [10][11][12] and hydrostatical extrusion [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Fabrication and dynamic compressive response of laminated ZrO–Zr2CN/Si3N4 ceramics

“…7a shows the representative high-strain-rate compressive true stress-true strain curves of the laminated ceramics at various strain rates from 1.1 Â 10 3 s À 1 to 3.5 Â 10 3 s À 1 . The compressive stress-strain curves exhibit universal four deformation regions: inelastic loading region, stable loading region, pseudoplastic deformation region and failure region, which is different from that of bulk ceramics [2] and [33] but similar to that of tungsten heavy alloys [34]. Initially, the laminated ceramics suffered plastic deformation under fairly low stress, with σo300 MPa at lower high-strain-rates of 1.1-2.0 Â 10 3 s À 1 or σo30 MPa at higher high-strain-rates of 2.7-3.5 Â 10 3 s À 1 .…”

Dynamic deformation behavior of 93W-5.6Ni-1.4Fe heavy alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering

“…Grain refinement has been proven to be another approach to improve the dynamic mechanical properties of the WHAs [10][11][12]. Wei et al [10] have reported that ultra-fine grained tungsten fabricated via severe plastic deformation shows a significant flow softening and a reduction in strain rate sensitivity.…”

“…The recent investigations of Gong et al [11] and Fan et al [12] show that fine grained WHAs (average tungsten grain size is about 6 µm) added with 0.03% (weight percent) of yttrium (Y) or yttrium oxide (Y2O3) exhibit low strain rate-sensitivity and increased plastic flow localized instability under lower high-strain-rate compression (strain rate is lower than 2×10 3 s -1 ). In order to refine the W grain size, three effective methods are used.…”

“…[13][14][15]. The second route is to add inhibitors (such as oxide dispersoids) to prevent grain growth [12,[16][17][18][19]. The last one is to adopt advanced fast sintering techniques such as microwave sintering [20][21][22] and spark plasma sintering (SPS) [23][24][25][26].…”