Dynamic hydrogen-intensified methanation of synthetic by-product gases from steelworks

Hauser, Alexander; Weitzer, Maximilian; Gunsch, Stephan; Neubert, Michael; Karl, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106701

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The authors concluded that a 4-5% H 2 surplus is required within the tested GHSV to achieve a full methane yield for a three-stage methanation setup outlined above. Hauser et al [26] reported the same value for a heat pipe cooled structured fixed-bed reactor. For the expression of the reaction stoichiometry, the parameter σ H 2 is introduced, which describes the ratio of the molar hydrogen flow to the molar flows of CO and CO 2 present in the feed gas (Equation ( 5)).…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

In Situ Catalytic Methanation of Real Steelworks Gases

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The by-product gases from the blast furnace and converter of an integrated steelworks highly contribute to today’s global CO2 emissions. Therefore, the steel industry is working on solutions to utilise these gases as a carbon source for product synthesis in order to reduce the amount of CO2 that is released into the environment. One possibility is the conversion of CO2 and CO to synthetic natural gas through methanation. This process is currently extensively researched, as the synthetic natural gas can be directly utilised in the integrated steelworks again, substituting for natural gas. This work addresses the in situ methanation of real steelworks gases in a lab-scaled, three-stage reactor setup, whereby the by-product gases are directly bottled at an integrated steel plant during normal operation, and are not further treated, i.e., by a CO2 separation step. Therefore, high shares of nitrogen are present in the feed gas for the methanation. Furthermore, due to the catalyst poisons present in the only pre-cleaned steelworks gases, an additional gas-cleaning step based on CuO-coated activated carbon is implemented to prevent an instant catalyst deactivation. Results show that, with the filter included, the steady state methanation of real blast furnace and converter gases can be performed without any noticeable deactivation in the catalyst performance.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 66%

In Situ Catalytic Methanation of Real Steelworks Gases

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on experimental results, the reaction mechanism is assumed to consist of a more complex reaction network, taking provision for the formation of solid carbon through the Boudouard reaction [37,38]. The methanation process is usually conducted at low pressures (<10 bar) with nickel-based catalysts as the main employed catalysts.…”

Section: Methanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methanation process is usually conducted at low pressures (<10 bar) with nickel-based catalysts as the main employed catalysts. The operating temperature is a crucial factor for catalyst lifetime and efficiency and could vary between 200 • C and 600 • C [36,38]. The stoichiometric number (SN) for methanation expresses the ratio between the added hydrogen and the carbonaceous components of the feed mixture and is expressed in molar flowrates:…”

Section: Methanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of Renewable Hydrogen Integration into Steelworks for the Production of Methanol and Methane

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work investigates the cost-efficient integration of renewable hydrogen into steelworks for the production of methane and methanol as an efficient way to decarbonize the steel industry. Three case studies that utilize a mixture of steelworks off-gases (blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, and basic oxygen furnace gas), which differ on the amount of used off-gases as well as on the end product (methane and/or methanol), are analyzed and evaluated in terms of their economic performance. The most influential cost factors are identified and sensitivity analyses are conducted for different operating and economic parameters. Renewable hydrogen produced by PEM electrolysis is the most expensive component in this scheme and responsible for over 80% of the total costs. Progress in the hydrogen economy (lower electrolyzer capital costs, improved electrolyzer efficiency, and lower electricity prices) is necessary to establish this technology in the future.

show abstract

“…These gases are usually exploited to meet the energy demand of production processes, to produce steam and as energy sources for power plants, which can both satisfy internal electricity demand and sell part of their production on the external energy market. An alternative way of utilizing off-gases is to exploit chemical synthesis reactors converting the carbon content to more valuable products, such as methane (CH 4 ) [36] and methanol (CH 3 OH), through the enrichment of by-product gases with H 2 . The project entitled "Integrated and intelligent upgrade of carbon sources through hydrogen addition for the steel industry" (i3upgrade), which is funded by Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS) of European Union (EU), aims at efficiently managing process off-gases to increase the economic and environmental sustainability of the integrated steelworks production.…”

Section: Off-gases Management and Valorisation Through Hydrogen Enric...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-agent systems to improve efficiency in steelworks

Iannino

Colla

Mocci

et al. 2021

Matériaux & Techniques

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A multi-agent system consists of several computational entities capable of autonomous actions, called agents, which communicate with each other, and have the ability to coordinate their actions and to cooperate. Multi-agent systems received a great interest and attention over time, as they can be seen as a key enabling technology for complex applications, where distributed and processing of data, autonomy, and high degree of interactions in dynamic environments are required at the same time. Therefore, in view of current and future developments of the digitalization of industrial production cycles promoted by Industry 4.0, multi-agent systems are foreseen to play an increasing role for industrial production management and optimization. Because of barriers represented by large presence of legacy systems, in the steel sector agent-based technology is not widely applied yet, and multi-agent systems applications are very few. On the other hand, steel manufacturing industries are complex and dynamic systems whose production processes held a strategic role in the global economy. During last decades, the steel sector has undergone relevant transformations, especially through the massive digitalization and the innovation introduced by Industry 4.0. A further evolution is foreseen in the incoming years to improve the sustainability of the production cycle by improving energy and resource efficiency. Therefore, steel industries must face several challenges on the path toward the factory of the future. In such context multi-agent systems, through their intrinsic properties, such as autonomy, social abilities, reactivity, proactivity, and mobility, can overcome existing drawbacks and barriers, by increasing flexibility, improving resources efficiency, handling production operations, reacting to unpredicted events, optimizing production processes, and supporting legacy systems. In this paper, some applications of multi-agent systems in steel sector are presented to show the advantages and opportunities of agent-based technology.

show abstract

Dynamic hydrogen-intensified methanation of synthetic by-product gases from steelworks

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

In Situ Catalytic Methanation of Real Steelworks Gases

In Situ Catalytic Methanation of Real Steelworks Gases

Economic Evaluation of Renewable Hydrogen Integration into Steelworks for the Production of Methanol and Methane

Multi-agent systems to improve efficiency in steelworks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About