“…The e ciency of EIS in such situations is illustrated by its application for the computation of the likelihood of various dynamic latent variable models (see, e.g., in Bauwens and Hautsch, 2003, Bauwens and Galli, 2005, Jung and Liesenfeld, 2001, and Liesenfeld and Richard 2003a, 2003b, 2005a. In particular, in the context of highly correlated latent variables, EIS can usefully be interpreted as a single block MCMC step, providing an e cient solution to the slow convergence of MCMC in such context.…”