Dynamic–Mechanical Properties of Wood–Fiber Reinforced                 Polylactide: Experimental Characterization and Micromechanical Modeling

Bogren, Karin M.; Gamstedt, E. Kristofer; Neagu, R. Cristian; AÅkerholm, Margaretha; LindstroÖm, Mikael

doi:10.1177/0892705706067480

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Thermal properties of samples were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) performed on DSC7 [15][16][17][18][19][20] Cellulose fibers [21][22][23] Cellulose whiskers [24] Microcrystalline cellulose [21,25] Wood flour and fibers [21,26,27] Flax fibers [23,28,29] Hemp fibers [30,31] Kenaf fibers [32,33] Bamboo fibers [34] Jute [21,35] Corn husks and stover [36,37] Apple solids and fibers [38,39] Sugar beet pulp [38,40] Oat husks [39] Cocoa shells [39] Wheat straw [37] Soy stalks [37] Abaca leaves [41] Green coconut [42] Cuphea and lasquerella seeds [43] Cotton burr and hull [44] Polyethylene Starch [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Nutshells as Fillers in Polymer Composites

et al. 2012

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Nutshells are agricultural waste products that can be procured at relatively low cost. In this work we examined the possibility of using these biodegradable materials as fillers in poly(lactic acid) and low density polyethylene. The nutshells were ground into powder, blended with the polymer, and then injection molded with final weight varying from 10 to 40 weight %. The mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were then studied. In general, the addition of fillers caused reductions in mechanical properties to varying extents, but thermal properties were only slightly affected. The use of maleic anhydride and peroxide with the fillers had a negative effect on poly(lactic acid) but a slightly positive effect on the stiffness of polyethylene. The results suggested that polymer-nutshell composites may be usable in applications where cost is a concern and where some reductions in mechanical properties are acceptable.

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Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Nutshells as Fillers in Polymer Composites

et al. 2012

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“…The adhesion between the fibres and the matrix is crucial to all fibre composites. Provided good adhesion, the stress is transferred between the load carrying fibre and the matrix (Bogren et al, 2006), which increases the mechanical properties. Coupling agents can be used to improve the adhesion, both for traditional thermoplastics (e.g.…”

Section: Fibre-reinforced Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for estimating the fibre length in fibre‐PLA composites

Chinga-Carrasco

Solheim

Lenes

et al. 2013

Journal of Microscopy

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SummaryWood pulp fibres are an important component of environmentally sound and renewable fibre-reinforced composite materials. The high aspect ratio of pulp fibres is an essential property with respect to the mechanical properties a given composite material can achieve. The length of pulp fibres is affected by composite processing operations. This thus emphasizes the importance of assessing the pulp fibre length and how this may be affected by a given process for manufacturing composites. In this work a new method for measuring the length distribution of fibres and fibre fragments has been developed. The method is based on; (i) dissolving the composites, (ii) preparing the fibres for image acquisition and (iii) image analysis of the resulting fibre structures. The image analysis part is relatively simple to implement and is based on images acquired with a desktop scanner and a new ImageJ plugin. The quantification of fibre length has demonstrated the fibre shortening effect because of an extrusion process and subsequent injection moulding. Fibres with original lengths of >1 mm where shortened to fibre fragments with length of <200 µm. The shortening seems to be affected by the number of times the fibres have passed through the extruder, the amount of chain extender and the fraction of fibres in the polymer matrix.

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“…They concluded that their method was convenient, but rather approximate. In previous work by Bogren et al [6], the effect of moisture on a wood-fiber/polylactide interface was studied. Halpin-Tsai's micromechanical model and laminate analogy was used to account for softening and swelling of the constituents and thereby isolate moist induced changes of the stress transfer ability of the interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Interfacial Stress Transfer Ability by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Cellulose Fiber Based Composite Materials

Almgren¹,

Gamstedt

2010

Composite Interfaces

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The stress transfer ability at the fiber-matrix interface of wood fiber composites is known to affect the mechanical properties of the composite. The evaluation of interface properties at the level of individual fibers is however difficult due to the small dimensions and variability of the fibers. The dynamical mechanical properties of composite and constituents, in this case wood fibers and polylactide matrix, was here used together with micromechanical modeling to quantify the stress transfer efficiency at the fiber-matrix interface. To illustrate the methodology, a parameter quantifying the degree of imperfection at the interface was identified by inverse modeling using a micromechanical viscoelastic general self-consistent model with an imperfect interface together with laminate analogy on the composite level. The effect of moisture was assessed by comparison with experimental data from dynamic mechanical analysis in dry and moist state. For the wood fiber reinforced polylactide, the model shows that moisture absorption led to softening and mechanical dissipation in the hydrophilic wood fibers and biothermoplastic matrix, rather than loss of interfacial stress transfer ability.

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Dynamic–Mechanical Properties of Wood–Fiber Reinforced Polylactide: Experimental Characterization and Micromechanical Modeling

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Use of Nutshells as Fillers in Polymer Composites

Use of Nutshells as Fillers in Polymer Composites

A method for estimating the fibre length in fibre‐PLA composites

Characterization of Interfacial Stress Transfer Ability by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Cellulose Fiber Based Composite Materials

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