Dynamic modeling and experimental investigation of a high temperature PEM fuel cell stack

Nguyen, Gia Luong Huu; Sahlin, Simon Lennart; Andreasen, Søren Juhl; Shaffer, Brendan; Brouwer, Jack

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.01.045

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Some studies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] have investigated PEFC operated under elevated temperature than usual. Although the dynamic power generation characteristics [14][15][16][17][18][19], the degradation test [20][21][22], the water distribution [23], the power generation performance under different temperatures, relative humidity, gas flow rate and pressure [24,25] have been investigated, there have been a few reports [26,27] on temperature distribution in the cell of PEFC. Especially, the temperature distribution on "reaction surface" has not been investigated yet, except in our former study [28] using the proposed heat transfer model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Temperature Distributions in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell when Operated in Elevated Temperature Range

Nishimura¹,

Zamami²,

Yoshimura³

et al. 2017

JEPE

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Abstract:The purpose of this study is to analyze the temperature distribution on the interface between the polymer electrolyte membrane and catalyst layer at the cathode in single cell of polymer electrolyte fuel cell when operated in elevated temperature range than usual. In this study, the interface between the polymer electrolyte membrane and catalyst layer at the cathode is named as reaction surface. This study has considered the 1D multi-plate heat transfer model estimating the temperature distribution on the reaction surface and verified with the 3D numerical simulation model solving many governing equations on the coupling phenomena of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The 3D numerical simulation model coverers a half size of actual cell including three straight parts and two turn-back corners, which can display the essential phenomena of single cell. The results from both models/simulations agreed well. The effects of initial operation temperature, flow rate, and relative humidity of supply gas on temperature distribution on the reaction surface have been investigated. Though the effect of flow rate of supply gas on temperature distribution on reaction surface has been small, low relative humidity of supply gas has caused higher temperature on the reaction surface compared to high relative humidity of the supply gas. The temperature rise of reaction surface from initial operation temperature has increased with the increasing in initial operation temperature of cell.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Temperature Distributions in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell when Operated in Elevated Temperature Range

Nishimura¹,

Zamami²,

Yoshimura³

et al. 2017

JEPE

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“…In order to reduce load fluctuations and the installed size of the SOFC, the proposed system is also equipped with a PEMFC. PEMFCs operate at much lower temperatures compared to SOFCs and are, hence, more flexible in terms of load change (Nguyen et al, 2016;van Biert et al, 2016). The PEMFC is fuelled using the hydrogen generated by the SOFC.…”

Section: Description Of the Sofc-based Power Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PEMFC is fuelled using the hydrogen generated by the SOFC. In this work, we propose the use of high temperature PEMFCs because of their better suitability to cogeneration purposes and of their higher tolerance of carbon monoxide impurities in the feed gas (Nguyen et al, 2016;van Biert et al, 2016). For the same purpose, the proposed system is also equipped with an electric energy storage device.…”

Section: Description Of the Sofc-based Power Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cogeneration System Based on Solid Oxide and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells With Hybrid Storage for Off-Grid Applications

2019

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Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have developed to a mature technology, able to achieve electrical efficiencies beyond 60%. This makes them particularly suitable for off-grid applications, where SOFCs can supply both electricity and heat at high efficiency. Concerns related to lifetime, particularly when operated dynamically, and the high investment cost are however still the main obstacles toward a widespread adoption of this technology. In this paper, we propose a hybrid cogeneration system that attempts to overcome these limitations, in which the SOFC mainly provides the baseload of the system. Introducing a purification unit allows the production and storage of pure hydrogen from the SOFC anode off-gas. The hydrogen can be stored, and used in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) during peak demands. The SOFC system is completed with a battery, used during periods of high electricity production. We propose the use of a mixed integer-linear optimization framework for the sizing of the different components of the system, and particularly for identifying the optimal trade-off between round-trip efficiency and investment cost of the battery-based and hydrogen-based storage systems. The proposed system is applied and optimized to two case studies: an off-grid dwelling, and a cruise ship. The results show that, if the SOFC is used as the main energy conversion technology of the system, the use of hydrogen storage in combination with a PEMFC and a battery is more economically convenient compared to the use of the SOFC in stand-alone mode, or of pure battery storage. The results show that the proposed hybrid storage solution makes it possible to reduce the investment cost of the system, while maintaining the use of the SOFC as the main energy source of the system.

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“…Examples of faults signatures that can be based on the series resistance (R s ) and the polarization 370 resistance (R 1 ), can e.g. CO contamination of the anode gas where an increase of polarization resistance can be observed [25,30,31,32], for both low and high temperature PEM fuel cells. For both flooding and drying an increase in both the series resistance, polarization resistance and the mass transport 375 resistance is reported to increase in the literature [33,6,34,35].…”

Section: Comparison Between Cpi and Eis Eec Model Parameters 325mentioning

confidence: 99%

An EIS alternative for impedance measurement of a high temperature PEM fuel cell stack based on current pulse injection

Jeppesen

Araya

Sahlin

et al. 2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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In this paper a method for estimating the fuel cell impedance is presented, namely the current pulse injection (CPI) method, which is well suited for online implementation. This method estimates the fuel cell impedance and unlike electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), it is simple to implement at a low cost. This makes it appealing as a characterization method for on-line diagnostic algorithms. In this work a parameter estimation method for estimation of equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) parameters, which is suited for on-line use is proposed. Tests on a 10 cell high temperature PEM fuel cell show that the method yields consistent results in estimating EEC parameters for different current pulse at different current loads, with a low variance. A comparison with EIS shows that despite its simplicity the response of CPI can reproduce well the impedance response of the high and intermediate frequencies.

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Dynamic modeling and experimental investigation of a high temperature PEM fuel cell stack

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Numerical Analysis of Temperature Distributions in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell when Operated in Elevated Temperature Range

Numerical Analysis of Temperature Distributions in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell when Operated in Elevated Temperature Range

A Cogeneration System Based on Solid Oxide and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells With Hybrid Storage for Off-Grid Applications

An EIS alternative for impedance measurement of a high temperature PEM fuel cell stack based on current pulse injection

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