“…There are also other advantages regarding the simple configuration of the reactor, such as improved effluent quality control, the nonexistence of hydraulic short circuit, no need for stabilization of the process in view of the discontinuous character of the process, and the absence of an influent distribution system. A typical cycle of the anaerobic reactor operated in batch and fed-batch mode consists of four steps: (i) feeding, which may have a variable filling time, defining the feed strategy as batch and/or fed-batch; (ii) the treatment itself, consisting of biotransforming the wastewater constituents by microorganisms; (iii) sedimentation, when the biomass is in a granular form (ASBR), although when the biomass is immobilized on an inert support (AnSBBR) this step is not necessary; and (iv) discharge, consisting of removal of treated and clarified liquid (Zaiat et al, 2001;Dague et al, 1992;Fernandes et al, 1993).…”