Dynamic Models and Control Techniques for Drone Delivery of Medications and Other Healthcare Items in COVID-19 Hotspots

Abstract

Drone-based dynamic model and control techniques vary from classical linear proportional integral derivative (CPID) to complex nonlinear multiconstrained and multi-objective schemes such as backstepping, sliding window mode, size-based models, and operation-based models, among others. These approaches can be classified as per their usage. Thus, some will be efficient for indoor operations, and others will be useful for outdoor operations. The performance of both types of drone-based smart healthcare systems can be measured in terms of stabilizing the

Unbundling the significance of cognitive robots and drones deployed to tackle COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review to unpack emerging opportunities to improve healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa

“… [9] Drone Disinfecting contaminated objects and surfaces, broadcasting, surveillance and delivering essential products. [26] Robotics Rehabilitation [27] Drone COVID-19 screening and detection [28] Drone Contactless COVID-19 test distribution [29] Robotics Screening and evaluation of COVID-19 infections [30] Drone COVID-19 sanitization, thermal imaging [31] Robotics Surveillance, delivery, screening and prevention [32] Drone Crowd dispersal, infection monitoring, facial recognition, and logistical roles [33] Robotics Rehabilitation [34] Drone Delivery of essential products to remote areas and improving situational awareness [35] Robotics Urological cancer care during the COVID-19 crisis [36] Drone Disinfecting surfaces [37] Drone Delivery of medications and other healthcare items in COVID-19 hotspots [38] Robotics Improve testing capacity [17] Drone Medical logistics [39] Drone Dispense medicines to the COVID-19 patients [40] Robots Monitoring human temperature and people in public places [41] Drone Monitoring social distancing, disinfections and delivery of goods and medical supplies [42] Roboti...…”

The application of industry 4.0 technologies in pandemic management: Literature review and case study

“… [136] , the most popular simulation is the discrete-event; though its stakeholder engagement is lower than its counterparts, the system dynamics in specific. Virus Pneumonia [141] , [142] , and control techniques [143] are considered simulation.…”

A Modified Portable Health Clinic System for Coronavirus Hotspot Areas

“…In [19], South Delhi Municipal Corporation (SMDC) in India deployed drones to sanitize COVID-19 hotspots by spraying a disinfectant containing 1% sodium hypochlorite solution. Also, a simulation study in [6] considers statistics about drones for outdoor sanitization with variations in the number of drones, periods, and the percentage of individual drone utilization. While in [20] a real drone is used with a disinfecting tank for sanitizing indoor and outdoor environments as needed.…”

“…After the system has been described and designed, a model checking for different scenarios has taken place and the results are shown in Table 6. [18] 2020 UAS for consumer utilities in COVID-19 pandemic × × × Elbir et al [17] 2020 Vehicular Network for combating the spread of COVID-19 × × × Sharma et al [6] 2021 Drone delivery dynamic models in COVID-19 hotspots × × Patchou et al [21] 2021 Drone-based efficient parcel delivery during COVID-19 × × × Alsamhi et al [37] 2021 Blockchain for multi-drone to combat COVID-19 × × Kumar et al [11] 2021…”

“…At that point, numerous countries have imposed nationwide lockdown, especially in COVID-19 hotspots with an aggressive promotion of the social distancing concept in the media to raise awareness. A hotspot is a district where reports indicate a relatively larger number of confirmed COVID-19 infections [6]. This motivates the idea of this paper, where populations under a curfew are being tested for COVID-19 symptoms at their doorsteps with minimal human intervention by using a portable health platform comprised of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).…”