Microlens
arrays (MLAs) with a tunable imaging ability are core
components of advanced micro-optical systems. Nevertheless, tunable
MLAs generally suffer from high power consumption, an undeformable
rigid body, large and complex systems, or limited focal length tunability.
The combination of reconfigurable smart materials with MLAs may lead
to distinct advantages including programmable deformation, remote
manipulation, and multimodal tunability. However, unlike photopolymers
that permit flexible structuring, the fabrication of tunable MLAs
and compound eyes (CEs) based on transparent smart materials is still
rare. In this work, we report reconfigurable MLAs that enable tunable
imaging based on shape memory polymers (SMPs). The smart MLAs with
closely packed 200 × 200 microlenses (40.0 μm in size)
are fabricated via a combined technology that involves wet etching-assisted
femtosecond laser direct writing of MLA templates on quartz, soft
lithography for MLA duplication using SMPs, and the mechanical heat
setting for programmable reconfiguration. By stretching or squeezing
the shape memory MLAs at the transition temperature (80 °C),
the size, profiles, and spatial distributions of the microlenses can
be programmed. When the MLA is stretched from 0 to 120% (area ratio),
the focal length is increased from 116 to 283 μm. As a proof
of concept, reconfigurable MLAs and a 3D CE with a tunable field of
view (FOV, 160–0°) have been demonstrated in which the
thermally triggered shape memory deformation has been employed for
tunable imaging. The reconfigurable MLAs and CEs with a tunable focal
length and adjustable FOV may hold great promise for developing smart
micro-optical systems.