Dynamic Network Analysis of Negative Emotions and <i>DSM‐5</i> Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters During Conflict

Greene, Talya; Gelkopf, Marc; Fried, Eiko I.; Robinaugh, Donald J.; Pickman, Liron Lapid

doi:10.1002/jts.22433

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…As there were six PTSD cluster nodes, compared with 14 reckless behavior nodes, the range of potential bridge strength values between these two communities of nodes is not equivalent—the PTSD clusters have more than twice the potential bridge connections with reckless behavior items (14 possible connections) versus the reverse (six possible connections of reckless behavior items with the PTSD clusters). To be able to directly compare bridge strengths, we therefore adjusted the bridge strength values for the PTSD factor nodes by multiplying them by 6/14 (Greene, Gelkopf, Fried, Robinaugh, & Lapid Pickman, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Armour

Greene

Contractor

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Existing literature indicates a theoretical and empirical relation between engagement in reckless behaviors and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Thus, the DSM‐5 revision of the PTSD nosology added a new “reckless or self‐destructive behavior” (RSDB) symptom (Criterion E2). The current study applied a network analytic approach to examine the item‐level relations among a range of reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters. Participants were recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (N = 417), and network analysis was conducted with 20 variables: six PTSD symptom clusters, corresponding to the hybrid model of PTSD (Armour et al., 2015) and excluding the externalizing behavior cluster (Community 1), and 14 items related to reckless behavior (Community 2). The results showed that the network associations were strongest within each construct (i.e., within PTSD and within reckless behaviors), although several bridge connections (i.e., between PTSD clusters and reckless behaviors) were identified. Most reckless behavior items had direct associations with one or more PTSD symptom clusters. The present findings support the existence of close relations between a variety of reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters beyond their relations with DSM Criterion E2. The results provide testable hypotheses about the associations between specific reckless behaviors and PTSD symptom clusters, which may inform future research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Armour

Greene

Contractor

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…The primary goal of the current study was to explore the network structure and centrality of DSM-5 PTSD clusters and PMIE clusters in a cross-sectional sample of combat veterans. Items in a network that are highly related to items from another construct have been described as bridge nodes, whereas strong network associations between pairs of items from two different constructs have been termed bridge edges (Greene et al, 2019;Jones, Ma, & McNally, 2019). In this study, we aimed to identify bridge nodes and bridge edges in order to clarify how PTSD, depression, and PMIEs are associated.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, studies utilizing network analysis to examine the relationships between PTSD symptoms and external constructs began to emerge (e.g. Armour et al, 2017;Greene, Gelkopf, Fried, Robinaugh, & Lapid Pickman, 2019). By entering other variables into the PTSD network, it becomes feasible to identify the PTSD symptoms that are more central and most strongly related to these external psychosocial constructs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between moral injury, PTSD clusters, and depression among Israeli veterans: a network approach

Levi‐Belz

Greene

Zerach

2020

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Moral Injury (MI) is one of the adverse consequences of combat. Following exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs)--events perceived as violations of deep moral beliefs by oneself or trusted individuals--a significant minority of veterans could develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Objective: The current study represents the first attempt to apply a network analysis model to examine an exploratory empirical conceptualization of a network of PMIEs during military service, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters, depression, and combat exposure among Israel Defence Forces veterans. Method: A volunteer sample of 191 Israeli combat veterans were recruited during 2017, and completed validated self-report questionnaires tapping PMIEs, PTSD, and depression in a cross-sectional design study. A regularized Gaussian graphical model was estimated. Results: Network analysis revealed strong bridge associations between the PTSD nodes and most of the PMIEs nodes. The nodes of PMIE-betrayal and PTSD negative alterations in cognitions and mood (NACM) symptom cluster were found to have a bridging function between other PMIEs and PTSD. Depression was found to be connected to most of the PMIEs and PTSD nodes. Conclusions: The study's findings offer an overview of the complex relationships between PMIEs and PTSD clusters among Israeli veterans. PMIEs--notably, betrayal-based experiences--are related to PTSD clusters directly and through depressive symptoms. Some possible mechanisms for the links between PMIEs and PTSD and the clinical implications related to specific interventions are discussed. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Furthermore, the mnemonic model of PTSD proposes that PTSD is developed and maintained through a "pathogenic memory" of a traumatic event, fear plays a central role in the development of PTSD symptoms (Rubin, Berntsen, & Bohni, 2008;Greene, et al, 2019). Traumatic events may lead to the development of conditioned fear responses to specific trauma-related clues (e.g., Heinrichs, Wagner, Schoch, Soravia, Hellhammer, & Ehlert, 2005), induce an invasion of trauma-related memories (e.g., Fani et al, 2012), and finally result in PTSD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between Traumatic Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Flood Victims: Roles of Fear and Self-Disclosure

Zhou

Hou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent psychopathologies experienced by victims following natural disasters. The severity of traumatic experience may be a critical risk factor for the development of PTSD. Nevertheless, other factors may also lead to PTSD. We propose that fear and self-disclosure could be two important factors. Previous studies have examined their unique roles in PTSD, but their combined role in PTSD has been rarely assessed. To fill this gap, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between severity of traumatic exposure, fear, self-disclosure, and PTSD among victims following flood disaster. Methods: one hundred ninety-nine participants completed self-report questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were obtained using SPSS 17.0 and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to obtain correlations between major variables. Results: results indicated that severity of traumatic exposure not only had a direct effect on PTSD, but also it had an indirect effect on PTSD via activating victims’ fear. Moreover, self-disclosure played a buffering role between fear and PTSD. However, the role of fear in PTSD may decrease with increases in levels of self-disclosure. Conclusions: Traumatic exposure had positive predictive effects for PTSD and fear. Self-disclosure had negative predictive effects for PTSD. Fear played a mediating role between severity of traumatic exposure and PTSD, self-disclosure played a moderating role in the relationship between fear and PTSD. Psychological interventions should focus on the regulation of fear and improvement of self-disclosure following traumatic exposure.

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Dynamic Network Analysis of Negative Emotions and DSM‐5 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters During Conflict

Cited by 53 publications

References 84 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Reckless Behaviors: A Network Analysis Approach

Associations between moral injury, PTSD clusters, and depression among Israeli veterans: a network approach

Relationship between Traumatic Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Flood Victims: Roles of Fear and Self-Disclosure

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