Dynamic optimal control and economic analysis of a coaxial parallel-type hybrid power gas engine-driven heat pump

A Comprehensive Review and Qualitative Analysis of Micro-Combined Heat and Power Modeling Approaches

“…A hybrid power engine-heat pump (HPGHP) system was shown to provide 12% higher efficiency compared to an engine driven heat pump when operated as a trigeneration unit [32]. This paper mainly discussed the steady-state performance of the HPGHP system under different loads of the compressor and focused on the establishment of a steady state model of the engine.…”

“…Multiple linear regression theory and least square methods were adopted to develop the correlation between thermal efficiency and engine torque. Instantaneous optimization control strategy while considering SOC of the battery, similar to the approach discussed in [32] was employed in this study. Based on their analysis, the authors identified optimal ranges of compressor speeds for different modes of operation.…”

“…Chen et al reported a hybrid 100 kW e ICE-Geothermal heat pump system optimized for specific building applications via multi-criteria method based on energy, economic and environmental factors [50]. Conservation laws were applied for energy balancing while a simple correlation relating efficiency (η EL ) to electric power (E ICE ), shown in Equation (32). The waste heat output of the exhaust gas (Q ex ) and coolant (Q jw ) were determined via polynomial fitting curves, shown in Equations ( 33) and (34), where b and c constants and PLR ICE is the part load ratio:…”

Gas engine heat pump system: Experimental facility and thermal evaluation for 5 different units

“…Besides, manufacturers have few different units, because they propose to use thermal energy storage, parallel installations and efficiency control systems to achieve high efficiency [5]. To ensure that GEHPs operate within the best economic zone, researchers propose combining GEHPs with hybrid power technology [6][7][8][9], energy storage technology [10,11], absorption heat pump [12] and photovoltaic integration [13][14][15]. These studies demonstrate the potential of these systems in combination with conventional installations.…”

“…Renewable gas contributes to the discharge and improvement of the air quality of our cities, and facilitate the energy transition towards a truly circular economy. Xiaofan et al [9] got good economic and energetic results of hybrid power gas with thermal and electric energy storage. These authors [9] justified the need of suitable models to optimize control and operation of facilities.…”