“…x and y are the output displacements, θ z is the output rotation angles, h 4 , h 5 , and h 6 are the state variables of the hysteresis, d e4 , d e5 , and d e6 are the piezoelectric coefficients, and V 4 , V 5 , and V 6 denote the input voltages in the x-, y-, and θ z -axes, respectively. In this paper, the hysteresis model for the PA adopts a simple Bouc-Wen model [11], which is described by a differential equation with only three parameterṡ…”