Dynamic restacking of Escherichia Coli P-pili

Lugmaier, Robert A.; Schedin, Staffan; Kühner, Ferdinand; Benoit, Martin

doi:10.1007/s00249-007-0183-x

Cited by 42 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…On the other hand, it has been shown that the FimH-1M bond lifetime, assessed with force feedback AFM and flow-chamber experiments, is highest at 40 pN. [46] This suggests that the bond strength of FimH is about 40 pN under physical conditions, which supports the value reported by Lugmaier et al [48] …”

supporting

confidence: 59%

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Physical Properties of Biopolymers Assessed by Optical Tweezers: Analysis of Folding and Refolding of Bacterial Pili

et al. 2008

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Bacterial adhesion to surfaces mediated by specific adhesion organelles that promote infections, as exemplified by the pili of uropathogenic E. coli, is studied mostly at the level of cell-cell interactions and thereby reflects the averaged behavior of multiple pili. The role of pilus rod structure has therefore only been estimated from the outcome of experiments involving large numbers of organelles at the same time. It has, however, lately become clear that the biomechanical behavior of the pilus shafts play an important, albeit hitherto rather unrecognized, role in the adhesion process. For example, it has been observed that shafts from two different strains, even though they are similar in structure, result in large differences in the ability of the bacteria to adhere to their host tissue. However, in order to identify all properties of pilus structures that are of importance in the adhesion process, the biomechanical properties of pili must be assessed at the single-molecule level. Due to the low range of forces of these structures, until recently it was not possible to obtain such information. However, with the development of force-measuring optical tweezers (FMOT) with force resolution in the low piconewton range, it has lately become possible to assess forces mediated by individual pili on single living bacteria in real time. FMOT allows for a more or less detailed mapping of the biomechanical properties of individual pilus shafts, in particular those that are associated with their elongation and contraction under stress. This Mi- nireview presents the FMOT technique, the biological model system, and results from assessment of the biomechanical properties of bacterial pili. The information retrieved is also compared with that obtained by atomic force microscopy.

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supporting

confidence: 59%

“…Lugmaier et al [48] found recently that an adhesin of P pili PapG binds to a glycolipid galabiose receptor with a force of 49 pN and has a bond length of 0.7 AE 0.15 nm. In another study the specific adhesin of type 1 pili, FimH, that binds to mannose-presenting surfaces was found to have a force of only 1.7 pN.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical Properties of Biopolymers Assessed by Optical Tweezers: Analysis of Folding and Refolding of Bacterial Pili

et al. 2008

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“…During the study, type IV pili were shown to have the same constant force plateaus associated with a nanospring-like mechanism; this may be explained by the fracturing of internal amino acid bonds and the unravelling of the three-dimensional structure to resist the increase in mechanical force. This model is consistent with the previous interpretations of Gram-negative pili structure [87][88][89]. In a similar study, strains of Lactococcus lactis were immobilized onto polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated cantilever, and adhesion to a pig gastric mucin-coated substrate was characterized [90].…”

Section: Single-cell Force Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 90%

Atomic Force Microscopy of Biofilms—Imaging, Interactions, and Mechanics

James¹,

Powell²,

Wright³

2016

Microbial Biofilms - Importance and Applications

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has proven itself to be a powerful and diverse tool for the study of microbial systems on both single and multicellular scales including complex biofilms. This chapter will review how AFM and its derivatives have been used to unravel the nanoscale forces governing the structure and behavior of biofilms, thus providing unique insight into the control of microbial populations within clinical and industrial environments. Diversification of AFM-based technologies has allowed for the creation of a truly multiparametric platform, enabling the interrogation of all aspects of microbial systems. Advances in traditional AFM operation have allowed, for the first time, insight into the topographical landscape of both microbial cells and spores, which, when combined with high-speed AFM's ability to resolve the structure of surface macromolecules, have provided, with unparalleled detail, visualization of this complex environmental interface. The application of AFM force spectroscopies has enabled the analysis of many microbial nanomechanical properties including macromolecule folding pathways, receptor ligand binding events, microbial adhesion forces, biofilm mechanical properties, and antimicrobial/antibiofilm affectivities. Thus, AFM has offered an outstanding glimpse into the biofilm, how its inhabitants create and use this complex adaptive interface, and perhaps most importantly what can be done to control this.

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“…This is a bond whose lifetime decreases with increased force, and this bond can withstand forces in AFM experiments up to 49 pN [67]. The interaction is weak enough to allow rolling behaviour of bacteria for quick spreading, but strong enough to initiate destacking of the PapA rod superhelical structure.…”

Section: Preventing Growth Of the Pilus With Pilicidesmentioning

confidence: 98%