Dynamic Restoration of Active Distribution Networks by Coordinated Repair Crew Dispatch and Cold Load Pickup

Abstract

This paper presents a dynamic restoration strategy for active distribution networks (ADNs) by coordinating repair crew dispatch and frequency-constrained cold load pickup. To incorporate the stochastic repair time, the repair crew dispatch is formulated as "event-driven" with the implementation of model predictive control (MPC). The stochastic repair time is estimated, convexified, and updated dynamically with each MPC execution. The finish of a repair task triggers the subsequent cold load pickup model, where the frequency dynamics are computed and linearly constrained with the help of a uniform frequency response model for low-inertia systems. Next, a co-optimization framework of the two models is developed to coordinate the repair crew dispatch and cold load pickup under a unified time scale. Numerical results on a modified IEEE 33-node test feeder and a real-world 136-node distribution system have verified the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Resilient microgrid formation considering communication interruptions

“…The impacts of communication failures on post‐disaster DS restoration have been recognized in several existing studies. The use of mobile base stations [3], unmanned aerial vehicle base stations [4], and manual maintenance [8] to restore communication between the OC and FTUs has been discussed. However, DS restoration cannot be performed before full communication recovery in these studies.…”

“…However, DS restoration cannot be performed before full communication recovery in these studies. This recovery process often requires considerable time [8], especially during extreme weather events such as heavy rains, hurricanes, and snowstorms, which are often accompanied by low visibility and transportation difficulties [9]. In most blackouts, users urgently require prompt power supply restoration to minimize economic losses and ensure safety and security [10].…”