Dynamic Route Discovery Using Modified Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm in Wireless Ad-Hoc Visible Light Communication Network

Abstract

In recent times, visible light communication is an emerging technology that supports high speed data communication for wireless communication systems. However, the performance of the visible light communication system is impaired by inter symbol interference, the time dispersive nature of the channel, and nonlinear features of the light emitting diode that significantly reduces the bit error rate performance. To address these problems, many environments offer a rich infrastructure of light sources for end-to-end communication. In this research paper, an effective routing protocol named the modified grasshopper optimization algorithm is proposed to reduce communication interruptions, and to provide alternative routes in the network without the need of previous topology knowledge. In this research paper, the proposed routing protocol is implemented and analyzed using the MATLAB environment. The experimental result showed that the proposed routing protocol adapts to dynamic changes in the communication networks, like obstacles and shadows. Hence, the proposed protocol achieved better performance in data transmission in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and routing overhead. In addition, the performance is analyzed by varying the number of nodes like 50, 100, 250, and 500. From the experimental analysis, the proposed routing protocol achieved maximum of 16.69% and minimum of 2.20% improvement in packet delivery ratio, and minimized 0.80 milliseconds of end-to-end delay compared to the existing optimization algorithms.

Research on Routing Algorithm of Construction Robot Cluster Enhanced Ad Hoc Network

“…Because of their relatively strong mobility and limited energy, the nodes of construction robots have high requirements for the effectiveness of routing protocols. At present, the design and optimization of routing protocols are mainly divided into four categories [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]: (1) Reducing node energy consumption; (2) Reducing node load; (3) Maintaining link stability; (4) Dynamic maintenance [ 6 , 7 ]. Building a high-reliability, large-bandwidth, and low-latency communication network required for coordinated control and scheduling for construction robot clusters [ 8 , 9 ] expounded the construction and spatial modeling of the ground robot cluster communication network and integrated positioning and communication into the robot network, but ignored the complex secondary, coupling superposition characteristics of the industrial site.…”

“…(1) Reducing node energy consumption; (2) Reducing node load; (3) Maintaining link stability; (4) Dynamic maintenance [6,7]. Building a high-reliability, large-bandwidth, and low-latency communication network required for coordinated control and scheduling for construction robot clusters [8,9] expounded the construction and spatial modeling of the ground robot cluster communication network and integrated positioning and communication into the robot network, but ignored the complex secondary, coupling superposition characteristics of the industrial site.…”

High Speed RGB-Based Duobinary-Encoded Visible Light Communication System Under the Impact of Turbulences

“…In 2021 [46], researchers proposed a localization algorithm for the VLC system. In the same year [47], researchers proposed a modified grasshopper algorithm for dynamic route discovery in VLC systems. Another study [48] comprising a statistical channel model is proposed for VLC in dynamic vehicular systems.…”

MOHAN: Multi-Objective Handover for hybrid (LiFi-WiFi) Application-based Networks

“…Using load balancing strategies may result in frequent and needless VHOs, resulting in a reduction in throughput. Furthermore, LiFi APs have a rather modest coverage area, measuring around 2-3m in diameter [13]. This means that even at low speeds, mobile consumers served by LiFi may encounter frequent HHOs.…”