Dynamic simulation and preliminary finite element analysis of gunshot wounds to the human mandible

Comparison of Gunshot Entrance Morphologies Caused by .40-Caliber Smith & Wesson, .380-Caliber, and 9-mm Luger Bullets: A Finite Element Analysis Study

“…In the present study, the authors did not consider soft tissues (outer skin, meninges, brain) during skull modeling, neither did they reproduce the bullet’s gyroscopic properties (rotation, precession, and nutation), which may cause discrepancies between these results and real forensic data. Other finite element studies of gunshots did not consider those data either; however, they did provide useful information [22] , [25] , [44] .…”

“…Some authors have tried to correlate, through quantitative and qualitative studies [17] , [19] – [21] and through computational analysis [22] – [25] , different aspects of gunshot wounds in the head inflicted by the most common types of handgun bullets. Wounds caused by firearm bullets can take varying shapes, due to the diversity of ammunition with respect to form and mass, speed, shooting distance, and angle of entry of the bullets, but few studies have established models for the ballistic analysis of gunshot wounds and biomechanical performance [25] .…”

“…Research studies that utilize finite element analysis on ballistics issues to reproduce gunshot effects in the human skull remain sparse. Scientific studies are needed to address the validation of this computational tool in correlating the morphology of bone injuries produced by the dynamic action of firearm bullets [24] , [25] .…”

Evaluating Simulant Materials for Understanding Cranial Backspatter from a Ballistic Projectile

“…Finite element analysis (FEA) of ballistic helmet impacts and the effect on the human cranium stresses within the head and brain were used to evaluate the performance of a helmet. FEA studies have simulated particle projectiles in the opposite direction to the line of fire , which would appear to be backspatter. These are projectile impacts to human bones, namely the parietal bone of the skull and the mandible (jaw) bone .…”

“…FEA studies have simulated particle projectiles in the opposite direction to the line of fire , which would appear to be backspatter. These are projectile impacts to human bones, namely the parietal bone of the skull and the mandible (jaw) bone . The use of FEA provided good results when compared to experimental data with the relatively simple material models used.…”