Dynamic simulation of the BP Texas City refinery accident

Manca, Davide; Brambilla, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2012.05.008

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The conditions in which the BP Texas City accident took place and its tragic consequences led to papers on different aspects, such as trailer sitting issues, application of process design life cycle for a safer design, and organizational factors and safety culture . In addition, a number of papers have focused on risk . Different aspects of the Chevron Richmond refinery accident have also been addressed, such as the corporate social responsibility, and an application of system theoretic accidental analysis…”

Section: Analysis Of Human Errors In Past Oil Refineries Accidents Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25] In addition, a number of papers have focused on risk. [26][27][28] Different aspects of the Chevron Richmond refinery accident have also been addressed, such as the corporate social responsibility, [29] and an application of system theoretic accidental analysis. [30] The present paper focuses on the human actions that contributed to these accidents to answer the question "how and why did the operators fail?"…”

Section: Accidents Through Phoenixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting past refinery accidents from a human reliability analysis perspective: The BP Texas City and the Chevron Richmond accidents

Ramos

Droguett

Mosleh³

et al. 2017

Can J Chem Eng

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Despite the oil industry's efforts in improving safety, it still presents a high rate of serious accidents, many involving human failure events (HFE), which can be identified, modelled, and quantified through human reliability analysis (HRA). The oil industry commonly analyzes process safety by focusing on technical barriers, and thus it could benefit from HRA. Phoenix methodology is an HRA method that uses a human response model and relates the crew failures modes (CFM) to performance influencing factors (PIFs). Based on Phoenix CFMs and PIFs, two refinery accidents, the BP Texas City (2005) and the Chevron Richmond (2012), are analyzed in this paper. The analysis consists of the construction of the accident timeline; identification of the HFEs and assigning them to appropriate CFMs; and, finally analysis of the PIFs. The analysis helped better understand how the operators responded to an abnormal condition of the process, and why they took the actions they did, investigating the contribution of human error to the accidents. The assessment of the role human error played in these accidents is a major contribution to the understanding of why they happened, and a key information to avoid the same happening again in the future. Moreover, the features and limitations of the application of Phoenix HRA, which was developed based mainly on nuclear power plant operations, to Oil Refinery operation scenarios, are discussed and evaluated. This article provides insights on value of investigating the potential impact of human error in the Petroleum Industry accidents.

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Section: Analysis Of Human Errors In Past Oil Refineries Accidents Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accidents Through Phoenixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting past refinery accidents from a human reliability analysis perspective: The BP Texas City and the Chevron Richmond accidents

Ramos

Droguett

Mosleh³

et al. 2017

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A retrospective economic consequence analysis is performed for the distillation tower flooding that led to the catastrophic explosion on March 23, 2005, at the British Petroleum (BP) refinery in Texas City, USA. In that accident, 15 people died, 180 were injured, the community was alarmed, and financial losses exceeded $1.5 billion …”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Economic Consequence Methodology for Process Risk Analysis

2014

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A comprehensive methodology for economic consequence analysis with appropriate models for risk analysis of process systems is proposed. This methodology uses loss functions to relate process deviations in a given scenario to economic losses. It consists of four steps: definition of a scenario, identification of losses, quantification of losses, and integration of losses. In this methodology, the process deviations that contribute to a given accident scenario are identified and mapped to assess potential consequences. Losses are assessed with an appropriate loss function (revised Taguchi, modified inverted normal) for each type of loss. The total loss is quantified by integrating different loss functions. The proposed methodology has been examined on two industrial case studies. Implementation of this new economic consequence methodology in quantitative risk assessment will provide better understanding and quantification of risk. This will improve design, decision making, and risk management strategies.

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“…By modeling biomass gasification process, Mavukwana et al studied the impact of main gasification parameters on gasification performance indicators and finally obtained the optimal process conditions that meet the requirements. Davide Manca et al simulated the explosion accident of BP refinery and obtained the dynamic change process of distillation column overflow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and safety boundary Analysis of Opposed Multi‐Burner Coal Water Slurry Gasification System

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Taking the opposed multi‐burner (OMB) coal water slurry (CWS) gasification system as the simulation object, based on the gasification process flow‐path and the flow field distribution characteristics in the gasifier, the model of CWS gasification system is established by using the chemical simulation software UniSim Design, the simulation results are in good agreement with the industrial data. On this basis, the Morris method is used to analyze the sensitivity of gasification parameters, and the response surface between coal gasification performance index and sensitive parameters is constructed by using the response surface method. The sensitivity of different gasification parameters and the impact of key sensitive parameter interactions on gasification performance indicators is investigated. The results show that the gasification parameters have different sensitivities for different responses. When the operating temperature range of the gasifier is limited to 1212°C to 1400°C and the syngas water‐gas ratio is in the range of 1.0 to 1.4, there is a safe boundary for oxygen‐coal ratio and CWS concentration. In actual production, the relevant parameters should be avoided to deviate from the safety region. This article provides a reference for the safe and stable operation of actual industrial production.

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Dynamic simulation of the BP Texas City refinery accident

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Revisiting past refinery accidents from a human reliability analysis perspective: The BP Texas City and the Chevron Richmond accidents

Revisiting past refinery accidents from a human reliability analysis perspective: The BP Texas City and the Chevron Richmond accidents

Development of Economic Consequence Methodology for Process Risk Analysis

Sensitivity and safety boundary Analysis of Opposed Multi‐Burner Coal Water Slurry Gasification System

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