“…(Davis, 1993;Mason-Jones and Towill, 1998;Prater et al, 2001;Geary, 2002;Lee, 2002;Van Der Vorst and Beulens, 2002;Zsidisin, 2003a, b;Christopher and Peck, 2004;Prater, 2005;Lockamy et al, 2008) Control disturbance Associated with the interruption of information flow throughout the supply network rather than only the firm itself. (Davis, 1993;Evans et al, 1993;Mason-Jones and Towill, 1998;Wilding, 1998;Geary, 2002;Christopher and Peck, 2004) Environmental Factors Relative production costs per region Comparative cost of labour, transport and energy per region, productivity cost of dispersed production systems. (Carter and Narasimhan, 1996;MacCarthy and Atthirawong, 2003;Simchi-Levi, 2010;Porter and Kramer, 2011) Hidden costs of distant operations Increased physical distances increase complexity and uncertainty leading to hidden costs of distant operations.…”