Dynamic three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart by transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract

Objective -To evaluate echocardiography accuracy in performing and obtaining images for dynamical threedimensional (3D) reconstruction. Methods -Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction was obtained in 20 consecutive patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography. A multiplanar 5 MHz transducer was used for 3D reconstruction. ResultsThree-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the heart through conventional 2DE imaging is a new technology with potential clinical applications.Reconstruction through transthoracic echocardiography is often limited in some patients by small number of acoustic windows and poor imaging quality. In addition, the device coupled to transthoracic transducer is too large and heavy to allow for proper handling during the exam, resulting in a great number of artifacts, which interfere with the analysis and with making the correct diagnosis.When transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was first used clinically in 1980, a new window to the heart appeared. In 1986, Martin et al 1-3 used a micromanipulator for the TEE transducer for the 3D echocardiogram. Due to the high quality of images obtained by the transesophageal access, 3D reconstruction of the heart, using transesophageal imaging emerged as a promising technique that offers a stable site from which to obtain multiple images from several sections.Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of performing and obtaining images of good diagnostic quality using TEE for 3D reconstruction. MethodsImages for 3D reconstruction were obtained during routine transesophageal studies in 20 outpatients in sinus rhythm referred to our echocardiography laboratory. Patients with poor apical echocardiographic window (best plane for image acquisition), and those on atrial fibrillation (when it is difficult to gate to the R-R interval) were excluded. Topic anesthesia with lidocaine spray and slight sedation with intravenous midazolan were used.After 2DE with conventional Doppler was performed, a 5 MHz multiplanar transducer (Vingmed CFM 800) was used to obtain several images for 3D reconstruction. The echocardiograph was coupled to a 3D reconstruction system (Echoscan Tomtec GmbH).

Clinical Application of 3-Dimensional Echocardiography in the USA

“…160 Congenital Heart Disease 3D echocardiography methods, including 3D TEE, have been reported as powerful tools for evaluating congenital heart diseases. [161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175] In an early study, real-time transthoracic 3D echocardiographic measurements of the maximum dimension, maximum circumference, and maximum area of the ASD agreed well with the sizing balloon in the catheterization laboratory. 170 Live/real-time 3D TEE can visualize an ASD with better imaging quality than transthoracic 3D echocardiography ( Figure 6) and can assist in and confirm the successful closure of the ASD, demonstrating the clinical feasibility of this echo method.…”

Diagnóstico y tratamiento del conducto arterioso persistente en perros

“…Atualmente, outras opções de exames de imagem com qualidade superior estão disponíveis. Uma delas é a angiotomografia computadorizada (ATC) (Figura 2B), com a reconstrução em 3D da imagem (Saunders et al, 2019), bem como a ecocardiografia transesofágica (Figura 2C), pela qual obtém-se uma imagem superior a ECC comum (Veiga et al, 1999). Dispositivos superdimensionados e subdimensionados são citados como alto fator de risco para complicações do procedimento, portanto destaca-se a necessidade da utilização de imagens de qualidade para medição antes da seleção do dispositivo, evitando medições errôneas do PDA e proporcionando um planejamento cirúrgico mais fidedigno (Saunders, 2021).…”

3D echocardiography: The present and the future

“…3D echocardiography methods, including 3D TEE, have been reportedly proven to be a powerful tool to evaluate congenital heart diseases [117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127].…”