Dynamic Transformation of Austenite to Ferrite in Low Carbon Steel.

Pandi, R.; Yue, Steve

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.34.270

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…[13] Recently, some reports have revealed that in the TMCP where DT occurs, DT may not be the only mechanism for ferrite grain refinement. [14,15] The present authors have confirmed that dynamically transformed ferrite is further deformed, leading to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization (DRX), which results in further ferrite grain refinement. [16,17] The novelty of this DRX of DT ferrite phenomenon is that the grain size of ferrite experiencing nucleation and some extent of growth prior to DRX could be very small.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

“…The existence of equiaxed grains indicates the occurrence of DRX of ferrite. [14][15][16][17] The fractions of high-angle boundaries (HABs) in the specimen processed in route-1 and route-2 are 70% and 75% (Figure 3(c)), respectively, revealing highly recrystallized microstructures. Grain size along the compression axis was measured by the linear interception method counting only HABs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel thermomechanical processing methods for achieving ultragrain refinement of low-carbon steel without heavy plastic deformation

Zhao

Park

Tian

et al. 2016

Materials Research Letters

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supporting

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel thermomechanical processing methods for achieving ultragrain refinement of low-carbon steel without heavy plastic deformation

Zhao

Park

Tian

et al. 2016

Materials Research Letters

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“…05013-p. 4 ICNFT 2015 Where R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. Q, Q n , Q B , Q C , Q , Q E , k 0, A, B 0 , C 0 , 0 , K 0 , n v0 , , 1 , 2 and 3 are constants.…”

Section: Coupled Thermo-mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ferrite can be softer than the austenite for a certain temperature range [4]. Straining the sample causes strain concentration on the softer ferrite and fracture will occur away from the centre of the specimen along with heterogeneous deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of new Gleeble tensile specimen design for hot stamping application

Ganapathy

Lin

et al. 2015

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Hot tensile testing is useful to understand the material behavior at elevated temperatures. Hence it is of utmost importance that the test condition is accurate enough to derive stress-strain data in fully austenitic state and to ensure homogeneous deformation throughout the gauge length of the specimen. But present limitation of standard Gleeble hot tensile sample geometry could not be used to achieve a uniform temperature distribution along the gauge section, thus creating errors of experimental data. In order to understand the effect of sample geometry on temperature gradient within the gauge section coupled electrical-thermal and thermo-mechanical finite element analysis has been carried out using Abaqus, with the use of viscoplastic damage constitutive equations presented by Li [1]. Based on the experimental study and numerical analysis, it was observed that the new sample geometry introduced by Abspoel [2], is able to achieve a better uniformity in temperature distribution along the gauge length; The temperature deviation along the gauge length within 25 • C during soaking and 5 • C after cooling and onset of deformation); also the strain deformation is found to be almost homogeneous.

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“…1 Temperature profiles in (a) a typical hot stamping process; and (b) typical thermo-mechanical testing to simulate hot stamping process for boron steel Fig. 2 (a) Gleeble test setup with conventional grips; and (b) Test-piece temperature profile from various test results [12][13][14] austenite for certain temperature ranges [16]. Thus strain could be greater in the ferrite and non-uniform deformation along a test-piece result in calculation of erroneous stressstrain data, for use in simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Grip Design for High-Accuracy Thermo-Mechanical Tensile Testing of Boron Steel under Hot Stamping Conditions

Ganapathy

Lin

et al. 2017

Exp Mech

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Achieving uniform temperature within the effective gauge length in thermo-mechanical testing is crucial for obtaining accurate material data under hot stamping conditions. A new grip design for the Gleeble Materials-Simulator has been developed to reduce the long-standing problem of temperature gradient along a test-piece during thermomechanical tensile testing. The grip design process comprised two parts. For the first part, the new design concept was analysed with the help of Abaqus coupled Thermal-Electric Finite element simulation through the user defined feedback control subroutine. The second part was Gleeble thermomechanical experiments using a dog-bone test-piece with both new and conventional grips. The temperature and strain distributions of the new design were compared with those obtained using the conventional system within the effective gauge length of 40 mm. Temperature difference from centre to edge of effective gauge length (temperature gradient) was reduced by 56% during soaking and reduced by 100% at 700°C. Consequently, the strain gradient also reduced by 95%, and thus facilitated homogeneous deformation. Finally to correlate the design parameters of the electrical conductor used in the new grip design with the geometry and material of test-piece, an analytical relationship has been derived between the testpiece and electrical conductor.

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Dynamic Transformation of Austenite to Ferrite in Low Carbon Steel.

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

Novel thermomechanical processing methods for achieving ultragrain refinement of low-carbon steel without heavy plastic deformation

Novel thermomechanical processing methods for achieving ultragrain refinement of low-carbon steel without heavy plastic deformation

Analysis of new Gleeble tensile specimen design for hot stamping application

A Novel Grip Design for High-Accuracy Thermo-Mechanical Tensile Testing of Boron Steel under Hot Stamping Conditions

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