“…This carry trade, which contributes to pushing the Yen value lower, has been part of the strategy of the Japanese society, which is so dependent on exports for its economic health and on the safe haven status of its currency. Time series are recorded at different frequencies, such as daily data (from 1 June 1973 to 1 June 1988 using MF-SF [213], from 1 January 1980 to 31 December 1996 using MF-SF [735], from January 1971 to June 2003 using MF-SF [814], from 1 January 1990 to 2 November 2003 using MF-SF [815], from January 1971 to June 2003 using MF-SF [771], from 1 January 1990 to 2 November 2003 using MF-SF [816], from 15 December 1998 to 9 November 2008 using WTMM [817], from 2 January 1975 to 12 November 2010 using MF-DMA [657], and from 1991 to 2005 using MF-DFA [818]), tick-by-tick data (from 1 March 1986 to 1 March 1989 using MF-SF [213]), 1 min data (in 2005 [819] and 2008 [820] using MF-DFA), and 5 min data (from 1 February 2001 to 1 February 2002 using WTMM [786]).…”