“…Similar to resistors, capacitors, and inductors, memristors are also two-terminal circuit elements, but are memristive. As the fourth circuit element, the memristor has become an important research field, due to its wide application, such as in the fields of memory [15][16][17][18], artificial intelligence computers [19,20], and electronic engineering [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In the electronic engineering field, memristor has been used in logic-based digital operations [21,22] and analog circuits [23][24][25][26]; memristors also have been used in reconfigurable analog circuits as programmable elements [27,28], as filter elements for signal processing [29,30], and in power converters as memristive loads [31,32].…”