Polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS) is an important viscoelastic material
that finds applications in a large number of engineering systems,
particularly lab-on-chip microfluidic devices built with a flexible
substrate. Channels made of PDMS, used for transporting analytes,
are integral to these applications. The PDMS viscoelastic nature can
induce additional hydrodynamic contributions at the soft wall/fluid
interface compared to rigid walls. In this research, we investigated
the pressure drop within PDMS channels bounded by rigid tubes (cellulose
tubes). The bulging effect of the PDMS was limited by the rigid tubes
under flowing fluids. The PDMS viscoelasticity was modulated by changing
the ratio of the base to the cross-linker from 10:1 to 35:1. We observed
that the pressure drop of the flowing fluids within the channel decreased
with the increased loss tangent of the PDMS in the examined laminar
regime [Reynolds number (Re) ∼ 23–58.6
for water and Re ∼ 0.69–8.69 for glycerol
solution]. The elastic PDMS 10:1 wall channels followed the classical
Hagen Poiseuille’s equation, but the PDMS walls with lower
cross-linker concentrations and thicker walls decreased pressure drops.
The friction factor (f) for the PDMS channels with
the two working fluids could be approximated as f = 47/Re. We provide a correlation between the pressure
drop and PDMS viscoelasticity based on experimental findings. In the
correlation, the loss tangent predominates; the larger the loss tangent,
the smaller is the pressure drop. The research findings appear to
be unexpected if only considering the energy dissipation of viscoelastic
PDMS walls. We attributed the reduction in the pressure drop to a
lubricating effect of the viscoelastic PDMS walls in the presence
of the working fluids. Our results reveal the importance of the subtle
diffusion of the residual oligomers and water from the bulk to the
soft wall/fluid interface for the observed pressure drop in soft wall
channels.