Dynamical Instability of a Rotating Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate

Bijnen, van Rmw Rick; O’Dell, D. H. J.; Parker, N. G.; Martin, A. M.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.150401

Cited by 54 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Both the thermodynamic threshold for vortices to be favoured, as well as the process by which vortices nucleate [165][166][167] into the condensate, are sensitive to dipolar interactions; this will be analysed in detail below.…”

Section: Summary Of Vortex Generation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is done by considering small perturbations in the BEC density and phase of the form n n n eq δ = + and S S S eq δ = + . By linearizing the dipolar hydrodynamic equations (61) and (62), the dynamics of such perturbations can be described as [165][166][167], To investigate the stability of the BEC the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the operator in equation (80) can be examined. Dynamical instability arises when one or more eigenvalues λ possess a positive real part.…”

Section: Dynamical Stability Of Stationary Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

Martin

Marchant

O’Dell

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The experimental realization of quantum-degenerate Bose gases made of atoms with sizeable magnetic dipole moments has created a new type of fluid, known as a quantum ferrofluid, which combines the extraordinary properties of superfluidity and ferrofluidity. A hallmark of superfluids is that they are constrained to rotate through vortices with quantized circulation. In quantum ferrofluids the long-range dipolar interactions add new ingredients by inducing magnetostriction and instabilities, and also affect the structural properties of vortices and vortex lattices. Here we give a review of the theory of vortices in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, exploring the interplay of magnetism with vorticity and contrasting this with the established behaviour in non-dipolar condensates. We cover single vortex solutions, including structure, energy and stability, vortex pairs, including interactions and dynamics, and also vortex lattices. Our discussion is founded on the mean-field theory provided by the dipolar Gross-Pitaevskii equation, ranging from analytic treatments based on the Thomas-Fermi (hydrodynamic) and variational approaches to full numerical simulations. Routes for generating vortices in dipolar condensates are discussed, with particular attention paid to rotating condensates, where surface instabilities drive the nucleation of vortices, and lead to the emergence of rich and varied vortex lattice structures. We also present an outlook, including potential extensions to degenerate Fermi gases, quantum Hall physics, toroidal systems and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.

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Section: Summary Of Vortex Generation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamical Stability Of Stationary Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

Martin

Marchant

O’Dell

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…More recently, the BEC of 164 Dy [6,7] and 168 Er [8] atoms with larger dipole moments became available for experimental studies, and polar molecules with much larger (electric) dipole moments are being considered [9] for BEC experiments. Among the novel features of a BEC with anisotropic dipolar interaction, one can mention the peculiar shape and stability properties of a stationary state [10], a red-blood-cell-like biconcave shape in density due to radial and angular roton-like excitations [11]; anisotropic d-wave collapse [12]; the formation of an anisotropic soliton, vortex soliton [13], and vortex lattice [14]; anisotropic sound and shock wave propagation [15]; and anisotropic Landau critical velocity [16] among others. Distinct stable checkerboard, stripe, and star configurations in dipolar BECs have been identified in a two-dimensional (2D) optical lattice as a stable Mott insulator [17] as well as superfluid soliton [18] states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing, demixing, and structure formation in a binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Young-S.

Adhikari

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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We study the static properties of disk-shaped binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates of 168 Er-164 Dy and 52 Dy mixtures under the action of interspecies and intraspecies contact and dipolar interactions and demonstrate the effect of dipolar interaction using the mean-field approach. Throughout this study we use realistic values of interspecis and intraspecies dipolar interactions and the intraspecies scattering lengths and consider the interspecies scattering length as a parameter. The stability of the binary mixture is illustrated through phase plots involving a number of atoms of the species. The binary system always becomes unstable as the number of atoms increases beyond a certain limit. As the interspecies scattering length increases corresponding to more repulsion, an overlapping mixed state of the two species changes to a separated demixed configuration. During the transition from a mixed to a demixed configuration as the interspecies scattering length is increased for parameters near the stability line, the binary condensate shows special transient structures in density in the form of red-blood-cell-like biconcave and Saturn-ring-like shapes, which are direct manifestations of the dipolar interaction.

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“…This has dramatic consequences upon the behavior of a BEC and can even lead to collapse when N and/or C dd exceed critical values [4,9,10,11,12]. Many properties of a dipolar BEC in the TF regime have already been discussed, e.g., its density profile [12], expansion dynamics [13], excitation frequencies [12,14], rotation [15] and vortices [16]. However, a systematic discussion of the criteria for the Thomas-Fermi regime of a dipolar BEC is currently lacking.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thomas-Fermi versus one- and two-dimensional regimes of a trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Parker

O’Dell

2008

Phys. Rev. A

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We derive the criteria for the Thomas-Fermi regime of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in cigar, pancake and spherical geometries. This also naturally gives the criteria for the mean-field one-and two-dimensional regimes. Our predictions, including the Thomas-Fermi density profiles, are shown to be in excellent agreement with numerical solutions. Importantly, the anisotropy of the interactions has a profound effect on the Thomas-Fermi/low-dimensional criteria.PACS numbers: 03.75. Hh, 75.80.+q Introduction. A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is said to be in the Thomas-Fermi (TF) regime when the interaction energy dominates the zero-point energy [1,2]. Despite being a dilute gas, in this regime the BEC is strongly affected by interactions and behaves in a highly non-ideal manner. Furthermore, the TF description is relatively simple compared to full Gross-Pitaevskii theory and facilitates exact results [1]. Consider a BEC containing N atoms of mass m confined to a spherical harmonic trap V (r) = mω 2 r 2 /2, with harmonic oscillator (HO) length l ho = /(mω), and repulsive s-wave interactions with positive scattering length a. The TF regime occurs for large values of the parameter N a/l ho , and thus typically arises for dense strongly repulsive BECs.Recently, a dipolar BEC was created with atomic dipoles polarized in a common direction by an external field [3]. Far from any scattering resonances the interaction can be represented by a pseudo-potential which includes the bare dipole-dipole interaction [4,5],

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Dynamical Instability of a Rotating Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate

Cited by 54 publications

References 25 publications

Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

Mixing, demixing, and structure formation in a binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Thomas-Fermi versus one- and two-dimensional regimes of a trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

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