Dynamical Operation Based Robust Nonlinear Control of DC Microgrid Considering Renewable Energy Integration

Abstract

The importance of microgrids has been acknowledged with the increasing amount of research in direct current (DC) microgrids. The main reason for this is the straightforward structure and efficient performance. In this research article, double integral sliding mode controllers (DISMCs) have been proposed for energy harvesting and DC microgrid management involving renewable sources and a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). DISMC offers a better dynamic response and reduced amount of chattering than the traditional sliding mode controllers. In the first stage, the state differential model for the grid was derived. Then, the nonlinear control laws were proposed for the PV system and hybrid energy storage system to achieve the main objective of voltage regulation at the DC link. In the later part, the system’s asymptotic stability was proven using Lyapunov stability criteria. Finally, an energy management algorithm was provided to ensure the DC microgrid’s smooth operation within the safe operating limit. The proposed system’s effectiveness was validated by implementing on MATLAB/Simulink software and comparing against sliding mode control and Lyapunov redesign. Moreover, to ensure the proposed controller’s practical viability for this scheme, it has been tested on real-time hardware-in-the-loop test bench.

Nonlinear Technologies in Advanced Power Systems: Analysis and Control

“…In [1] Armghan et al's study, the dynamical behavior of a microgrid is investigated. Moreover, the mathematical model is introduced by taking into account the energy storage elements, such as batteries and ultracapacitors.…”

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

“…Apart from the selection regarding the interface with the main grid and the design of the topology for the connection of all the components included in the DC MG, it is essential to determine the control strategies according to which the total system will operate. The field of control strategies regarding these special structures has gained attention over the past few decades, which has led to the rise of advanced control algorithms, creating a mixture of different approaches presented in the worldwide literature [49][50][51][52][53][54]. Overall, control strategies deal with stability and protection issues, power balance, smooth transition regarding transient occurrences (e.g., black start), synchronization, optimization of various objectives (e.g., cost), market participation, etc.…”

“…Energies 2021, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 26 algorithms, creating a mixture of different approaches presented in the worldwide literature [49][50][51][52][53][54]. Overall, control strategies deal with stability and protection issues, power balance, smooth transition regarding transient occurrences (e.g., black start), synchronization, optimization of various objectives (e.g., cost), market participation, etc.…”

Barrier Function Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller for a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Involving Multiple Renewables

“…A recent study, Ref. [40], provides a double integral sliding mode controller to address the chattering and external disturbances issues. However, this study only considers the DC microgrid with a hybrid energy storage system and ensures energy management and tight DC bus voltage regulation.…”