Dynamics in the use of drugs

Ours, Jan C. van

doi:10.1002/hec.1128

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In their models of the conditional likelihood of quitting marijuana use within the past year, they find that the monetary price of marijuana generally has a positive, although statistically insignificant, effect on the proportional hazard model for use among young users (<= age 22). The models of quit behavior did show, however, that youth who initiate at an earlier age are less likely to quit use of marijuana, which is a result that is consistent with work from several other researchers using data from various countries but not including measures of the monetary price (van Ours, 2006;Pudney, 2004). Because marijuana prices are highly correlated with the decision to initiate early, then one can infer from these combined studies that higher marijuana prices reduce the duration of the typical use career.…”

Section: Impact Of Legalization and Regulation On Quit Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 84%

Examining the Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Marijuana Consumption: Insights from the Economics Literature

Pacula¹

2010

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A central question in the debate regarding the legalization of marijuana in California is whether consumption would rise and by how much. In this report, we review the economics literature which provides insights regarding how consumption might change and why. A key finding of the review is that the current state of the literature is limited, having not yet fully explored how average consumption among existing users will change in response to changes in price and legal risks. However, information regarding the prevalence of marijuana, both in terms of new users as well as regular users, is available. A review of this literature is considered in terms of the responsiveness of marijuana initiation, regular use and heavy use to changes in the price of marijuana, enforcement risk, decriminalization and other legal risks. From this review it is clear that total consumption will rise in response to legalization due to increases in the number of new users, increases in the number of regular and heavy users, and probable increases in the duration in which marijuana is consumed for average users. 2 I. IntroductionA vast literature has developed over the past twenty years examining the etiology of and factors influencing marijuana consumption. A variety of disciplines have contributed to the development of this literature, including sociology, psychology, epidemiology, criminology, and economics, all emphasizing different factors that are important for influencing the decision to use marijuana. The economics literature, in particular, has focused on examining the relative importance of changes in price and income as determinants of the decision to use marijuana and length of use careers. Now, with the current debate regarding the legalization of marijuana in California, the findings from this economics literature in particular have found themselves at the center of the debate, as it lends important insights into what could happen to marijuana consumption in California if the voters decide to legalize marijuana. Legalization is expected to significantly influence the monetary price people have to pay to obtain marijuana, as currently with the prohibition, there is a black market risk premium that is added to the cost of providing marijuana to the market and this risk premium will no longer exist (see Caulkins 2010 for a careful description of this). So, with the expected decline in the price consumers have to pay for marijuana, how is consumption likely to change?The price elasticity of demand is typically used by economists to describe how consumption changes in response to a change in the price of any good or service. In particular, it tells you the percent change in consumption associated with a 1% change in price, and is derived by examining small changes along a single market demand curve. Market demand curves represent the aggregation of individual choices of quantities of the good consumed at various price points that could be observed in the market, holding all non-price determinants of consumption constant...

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Section: Impact Of Legalization and Regulation On Quit Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 84%

Examining the Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Marijuana Consumption: Insights from the Economics Literature

Pacula¹

2010

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“…Based on a relationship between marijuana use and lower high-school graduation rates, Yamada et al (1998) also conclude with the suggestion that "high-school-based preventive programs which discourage alcohol consumption and marijuana use are highly recommended." The literature has also documented that the earlier one starts using a particular drug the less likely one is to stop using that drug (van Ours (2006)), which further supports considering the role of schools in influencing drug use. To the extent one believes that marijuana is a gateway to other (harder) substances, the benefits to curbing adolescent marijuana use also include mitigating this potential escalation and any costs associated with such escalation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Adolescent drug use and the deterrent effect of school-imposed penalties

Waddell

2012

Economics of Education Review

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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“…Figure 1 shows typical patterns in the age dynamics of cannabis initiation for a sample of Amsterdam residents and individuals living in Australia or the United States [6]. The figure suggests that if uptake has not occurred before age 25 years, it is most unlikely to occur later in life [7]. It is noteworthy that despite having very different legal regimes governing cannabis use, the three jurisdictions (Amsterdam, Australia and the United States) exhibit similar patterns in the dynamics of cannabis use.…”

Section: Data On Cannabis Use Now That Legalization Is Gaining Momentummentioning

confidence: 99%