Dynamics of a diffraction grating formed by free charge carriers in an external electric field

Abstract

The relevance of university research to the needs of industry is becoming widely regarded as an important criterion in many countries. This article looks at the influence of universities in initiating and assisting industrial innovation and measures to stimulate university-industry interactionsIn all member countries of the OECD, universities represent an important component of the government funded scientific and technological infrastructure. Their role in the performance of national R and D does, however, vary a great deal from country to country, being relatively high in Japan, Italy, Norway and Denmark and relatively low in the