Dynamics of a Water Droplet Impacting an Ultrathin Layer of Oil Suspended on a Pool of Water

Abstract

This study investigates water droplets impacting a two-layered pool, consisting of a deep pool of water above which an ultrathin a suspended layer of silicone oil is present. Initially, the difference between the impact dynamics of water droplets on ultrathin and thick layers of oil were studied. It was found that the existence of an ultrathin layer of oil changes the impact characteristics such how aggressively the jet rises, how the dimensions of the impact impression change, and how the jets are broken down on their tops. Then, in a series of experiments on ultrathin layers of oil, the droplet size, the velocity of the droplets upon impact, and the viscosity of the oil layers were changed to observe and measure the characteristic dimensions of the formed craters and the jets. It was observed that when the viscosity of oil layers decreased to a minimum of 1 (cSt), the jet height and crater sizes increased to their maximum value. In addition to the effect of the oil viscosity, it was found that the droplet size and the release heights of the droplets were in the next orders of significance in determining the impact dynamics. The impacts were also characterized qualitatively by specifically looking into the crown and crater formations, pinch-off modes in jets, and number of formed secondary droplets. As well as the quantitative conclusion, it was found that the major affecting parameter in changing each of these qualities was the viscosity of the suspended oil layer.

Economics of Snow Accumulation on Photovoltaic Modules

“…In recent research efforts, a range of hydrophobic, superhydrophobic, and hydrophilic coatings have been investigated for their potential in mitigating snow accumulation on PV modules passively [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. However, findings suggest that employing these coatings does not efficiently facilitate snow removal from the PV modules.…”