Dynamics of activity and participation of patients after cholecystectomy by the ICF classification under the influence of the physical rehabilitation program

Abstract

The aim of the article was to evaluate the dynamics of impairment of activity and participation in patients after cholecystectomy according to the ICF classification under the influence of a physical rehabilitation program. The study involved 46 people aged 25 to 60 years, who were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (CG) (n=20), who took only medications, and a main group (MG) (n=26), where people were engaged in hydrokinesitherapy (3 months, 2 times a week of moderate intensity, session duration 40 minutes) and received medication. To assess activity and participation, a biopsychosocial model based on ICF, disability, and health was used. Methods of statistical analysis depending on the distribution of the statistical sample using Student's parametric criteria. The results were considered reliable at p<0,05. The results showed that patients in group I were able to walk longer distances by 17.3% (p<0,05), and in group II - by 38.5% (p<0,01), which reflected their endurance in everyday life after rehabilitation. Patients of group I were able to control their bowel movements by 23.6% (p<0,05), and patients of group II by 31.7% (p<0,01), which created physical comfort in both groups, respectively, by 21.4% and 33.1% (p<0,05, p<0,001). Patients of group I managed to adhere to a diet and a healthy lifestyle, maintain their health by 17.2% and 40.5% (p<0,05), and patients of group II - by 32.6% and 51.5% (p<0,01). In everyday life, patients of group I were able to do household chores and maintain relationships - by 41.3% and 23.0% (p<0,05), and group II - by 43.9% and 27.4% (p<0,01), respectively. 44.1% of patients in group I managed to return to full-time work, and 63.7% in group II (p<0,01, p<0,001). Family support was maximized in patients of group II by 30.1%, compared to group I (19.0%), (p<0,01, p<0,05). Conclusions. The study proved that the program of physical rehabilitation with the inclusion of hydrokinesiotherapy has a more positive dynamics of activity and participation of patients in everyday life (p<0,001), and, accordingly, on the quality of life of such patients, as opposed to conventional medical treatment.