2018
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4732-x
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Dynamics of adipose tissue turnover in human metabolic health and disease

Abstract: White adipose tissue is a highly plastic organ and is an important regulator of whole-body metabolism and energy balance. The magnitude of adipose tissue mass is determined by dynamic changes in the synthesis and breakdown (i.e. turnover) of adipocytes and triacylglycerols (TGs). Obesity is a disorder characterised by excessive adiposity and is a risk factor for diseases, including the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue expansion is necessary to accommodate chronic excess energy intake and … Show more

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Cited by 99 publications
(87 citation statements)
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“…One of the main functions of WAT is the preservation of energy in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) in response to a chronic‐positive energy balance . Adipose tissue has the capacity to expand at the cellular level by recruiting stem cells/pre‐adipocytes from the stroma‐vascular fraction (SVF) resulting in more adipocytes (hyperplasia), or by enlargement of existing adipocytes (hypertrophy) . However, it has been suggested that there is a set number of pre‐adipocytes that can be recruited, which seems to be genetically determined .…”
Section: Adipose Tissue Dysfunction In Obesitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the main functions of WAT is the preservation of energy in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) in response to a chronic‐positive energy balance . Adipose tissue has the capacity to expand at the cellular level by recruiting stem cells/pre‐adipocytes from the stroma‐vascular fraction (SVF) resulting in more adipocytes (hyperplasia), or by enlargement of existing adipocytes (hypertrophy) . However, it has been suggested that there is a set number of pre‐adipocytes that can be recruited, which seems to be genetically determined .…”
Section: Adipose Tissue Dysfunction In Obesitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the expansion of adipose tissue, which is mediated by the increase in adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and/or the proliferation (hyperplasia) and differentiation (adipogenesis) of adipose progenitor cells/pre-adipocytes to mature adipocytes is detected in lipedema adipose tissue. Adipogenesis is a complex cellular differentiation process tightly regulated by key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), which in turn controls the expression of several other genes involved in lipogenesis (Lipoprotein lipase, LPL), insulin sensitivity (Glucose transporter type 4, GLUT4) and hormones such as leptin [30][31][32].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When glycemia decreases, the opposite is observed [24,26]. Since lipids serve as a substrate for glucose production, DM, obesity and other metabolic conditions are straightly correlated, thus explaining why metabolic syndrome is inevitably increasing among humans [27][28][29][30].…”
Section: Pathophysiology Of T2dmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is important to note that this effect was nullified when wortmannin (a phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor), RO318220 (a protein kinase C inhibitor), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor, cycloheximide (a protein synthesis inhibitor) or colchicine (a microtubule-depolymerizing agent) was administered [82]. It was also shown that apigenin-6-C-2"-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-L-fucopyranoside and insulin share no synergistic effect on glucose uptake [30]. This suggests that flavonoids may have a double function, either as an insulin-secretagogue or as an insulin-mimetic agent, and thus considered a new approach in diabetes treatment [82].…”
Section: Apigenin-6-c-2"-o-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-l-fucopyranosidementioning
confidence: 99%