Dynamics of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG Responses and Their Protective Effect against Fatal Disease after Booster COVID-19 Vaccination

Speletas, Matthaios; Voulgaridi, Ioanna; Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula; Sarrou, Styliani; Kyritsi, Maria A.; Theodoridou, Aikaterini; Dadouli, Katerina; Matziri, Alexia; Vontas, Alexandros; Pappa, Dimitra; Konstantinou, Adamos-Konstantinos; Tsigalou, Christina; Kalala, Fani; Mouchtouri, Varvara A.; Hadjichristodoulou, Christos

doi:10.3390/vaccines12010012

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…In general, the influence of the age factor on vaccination may have been conditioned by awareness of the serious outcomes of the disease for the elderly [46]. At the same time, the higher incidence of comorbidities in the elderly may have reinforced the decision to vaccinate following key health recommendations [47]. Indeed, during the different epidemic waves, there has been an increase in the demand for anti-COVID-19 vaccine doses, especially in fragile populations such as the elders, cancer patients, and the immunocompromised [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccination and Predictive Factors in Immigrants to Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gualdi-Russo,

Zaccagni

2024

Vaccines

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Vaccination plays a pivotal role in the control of infectious disease outbreaks. Hesitancy/refusal of the vaccine by immigrants poses a serious threat to their and society’s health. We reviewed studies regarding COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Europe by first-generation immigrants. A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023432142), conducted until 31 October 2023 using Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, identified 295 potential articles. Of these, 16 conducted on 2,009,820 immigrants in nine European countries met the eligibility criteria. Most studies were of medium/high quality according to the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale adapted for observational studies. Factors that affected the uptake or hesitancy/refusal to vaccinate, with particular regard to gender, age, and country of origin, were examined. The meta-analysis of eight studies revealed that the pooled estimated prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in first-generation immigrants was 71.3% (95% CI: 70.0–72.5%), corresponding to 13.3% less than the host country population (95% CI: 10.2–16.4%). Limitations of included studies and this review were deeply discussed, highlighting the need for further research on the effect of acculturation on second-generation immigrants. European governments need to ensure equal availability of COVID-19 and other health-saving vaccines to all immigrants in the future by overcoming cultural barriers, building trust in institutions, and improving communication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccination and Predictive Factors in Immigrants to Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gualdi-Russo,

Zaccagni

2024

Vaccines

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Health characteristics associated with persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses after repeated vaccinations in older persons over time: the Doetinchem cohort study

Kuijpers,

Kaczorowska,

Picavet

et al. 2024

Immun Ageing

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Background Older persons elicit heterogeneous antibody responses to vaccinations that generally are lower than those in younger, healthier individuals. As older age and certain comorbidities can influence these responses we aimed to identify health-related variables associated with antibody responses after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations and their persistence thereafter in SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve and previously infected older persons. Method In a large longitudinal study of older persons of the general population 50 years and over, a sub-cohort of the longitudinal Doetinchem cohort study ( n = 1374), we measured IgG antibody concentrations in serum to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) and Nucleoprotein (N). Samples were taken following primary vaccination with BNT162b2 or AZD1222, pre- and post-vaccination with a third and fourth BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 (Wuhan), and up to a year after a fifth BNT162b2 bivalent (Wuhan/Omicron BA.1) vaccine. Associations between persistence of antibody concentrations over time and age, sex, health characteristics including cardiometabolic and inflammatory diseases as well as a frailty index were tested using univariable and multivariable models. Results The booster doses substantially increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (S1) antibody concentrations in older persons against both the Wuhan and Omicron strains. Older age was associated with decreased antibody persistence both after the primary vaccination series and up to 1 year after the fifth vaccine dose. In infection-naïve persons the presence of inflammatory diseases was associated with an increased antibody response to the third vaccine dose (Beta = 1.53) but was also associated with reduced persistence over the 12 months following the fifth (bivalent) vaccine dose (Beta = -1.7). The presence of cardiometabolic disease was associated with reduced antibody persistence following the primary vaccination series (Beta = -1.11), but this was no longer observed after bivalent vaccination. Conclusion Although older persons with comorbidities such as inflammatory and cardiometabolic diseases responded well to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccinations, they showed a reduced persistence of these responses. This might indicate that especially these more vulnerable older persons could benefit from repeated booster vaccinations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-024-00476-7.

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Health Characteristics Associated With Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses After Repeated Vaccinations in Older Persons Over Time: The Doetinchem Cohort Study

Kuijpers,

Kaczorowska,

Picavet

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Older persons elicit heterogeneous antibody responses to vaccinations that generally are lower than those in younger, healthier individuals. As older age and certain comorbidities can influence these responses we aimed to identify health-related variables associated with antibody responses after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations and its persistence thereafter in SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve and previously infected older persons. Method: In a large longitudinal study of older persons of the general population 50 years and over, a sub-cohort of the longitudinal Doetinchem cohort study (n=1374), we measured antibody concentrations in serum to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) and Nucleoprotein (N). Samples were taken following primary vaccination with BNT162b2 or AZD1222, and pre- and post-vaccination with a third, fourth BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 (Wuhan), and a fifth BNT162b2 bivalent (Wuhan/Omicron BA.1) vaccine. Associations between persistence of antibody concentrations over time and age, sex, health characteristics including cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases as well as a frailty index were tested using univariate and multivariate models . Results: The booster doses substantially increased anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (S1) antibody concentrations in older persons against both the Wuhan and Omicron strains. Older age was associated with decreased antibody persistence both after the primary vaccination series and up to 1 year after the fifth vaccine dose. In infection-naïve persons the presence of inflammatory diseases was associated with an increased antibody response to the third vaccine dose (Beta = 1.53) but was also associated with reduced persistence over the 12 months following the fifth (bivalent) vaccine dose (Beta = -1.7). The presence of cardiovascular disease was associated with reduced antibody persistence following the primary vaccination series (Beta = -1.11), but this was no longer observed after bivalent vaccination. Conclusion: Although older persons with comorbidities such as inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases responded well to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccinations, they showed a reduced persistence of these responses. This might indicate that especially these more vulnerable older persons could benefit from repeated booster vaccinations.

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Dynamics of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG Responses and Their Protective Effect against Fatal Disease after Booster COVID-19 Vaccination

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

COVID-19 Vaccination and Predictive Factors in Immigrants to Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

COVID-19 Vaccination and Predictive Factors in Immigrants to Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Health characteristics associated with persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses after repeated vaccinations in older persons over time: the Doetinchem cohort study

Health Characteristics Associated With Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses After Repeated Vaccinations in Older Persons Over Time: The Doetinchem Cohort Study

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