Dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates: Variational solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations

Pérez-Garcı́a, Vı́ctor M.; Michinel, Humberto; Cirac, J. I.; Lewenstein, Maciej; Zoller, P.

doi:10.1103/physreva.56.1424

Cited by 371 publications

(392 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The collapse of dark matter halos consisting of condensed scalar particles was examined by [37], using a time-dependent formalism that originated in [38], and utilized by [26,39]. The application of this method to an axion star, at leading-order in the self-interaction potential, was recently performed by [29].…”

Section: Jhep12(2016)066mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse of axion stars

Eby

Leembruggen

Surányi

et al. 2016

J. High Energ. Phys.

117

191

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Axion stars, gravitationally bound states of low-energy axion particles, have a maximum mass allowed by gravitational stability. Weakly bound states obtaining this maximum mass have sufficiently large radii such that they are dilute, and as a result, they are well described by a leading-order expansion of the axion potential. Heavier states are susceptible to gravitational collapse. Inclusion of higher-order interactions, present in the full potential, can give qualitatively different results in the analysis of collapsing heavy states, as compared to the leading-order expansion. In this work, we find that collapsing axion stars are stabilized by repulsive interactions present in the full potential, providing evidence that such objects do not form black holes. In the last moments of collapse, the binding energy of the axion star grows rapidly, and we provide evidence that a large amount of its energy is lost through rapid emission of relativistic axions.

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Section: Jhep12(2016)066mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse of axion stars

Eby

Leembruggen

Surányi

et al. 2016

J. High Energ. Phys.

117

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We assume that the vortex coordinate r 0 may have a time dependence, but that all other parameters of the system remain stationary. Solving the time-dependent counterpart to the equation (1) is equivalent to minimizing the action obtained from the Lagrangian [10,16] …”

Section: One Immediately Finds Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic approach to vortex lifetimes in trapped Bose condensates

Lundh

2000

Phys. Rev. A

110

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We study a vortex in a two-dimensional, harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature. Through a variational calculation using a trial condensate wave function and a nonlinear Schrödinger Lagrangian, we obtain the effective potential experienced by a vortex at an arbitrary position in the condensate, and find that an off-center vortex will move in a circular trajectory around the trap center. We find the frequency of this precession to be smaller than the elementary excitation frequencies in the cloud.We also study the radiation of sound from a moving vortex in an infinite, uniform system, and discuss the validity of this as an approximation for the trapped case. Furthermore, we estimate the lifetime of a vortex due to imperfections in the trapping potential.

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“…The coherent field contribution, Γ c (s, t), can be found approximately using a time-dependent Thomas-Fermi profile [24] or a gaussian ansatz [25]. We follow the latter method because it simplifies the Wigner transform and get…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoherence of Bose-Einstein condensates in microtraps

Henkel

Gardiner

2004

Phys. Rev. A

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We discuss the impact of thermally excited near fields on the coherent expansion of a condensate in a miniaturized electromagnetic trap. Monte Carlo simulations are compared with a kinetic two-component theory and indicate that atom interactions can slow down decoherence. This is explained by a simple theory in terms of the condensate dynamic structure factor. 03.65.Yz, The decoherence of atomic de Broglie waves is a key issue for applications in atom interferometry and quantum information processing. It is particularly relevant for integrated atom optics based on miniaturized hybrid electromagnetic surface traps [1,2] because the atoms couple to a macroscopic, 'hot' substrate nearby. Loss processes due to spin flips driven by thermal magnetic near fields have very recently been observed in the laboratory [3], in agreement with predictions made by one of us [4]. In this paper, we discuss a simple decoherence scenario for Bose-Einstein condensed atomic matter waves in a quasi-one-dimensional microtrap. This setup provides a realization of the standard model of environment-induced decoherence [5] featuring two attractive advantages: (i) the coupling to the environment can be microscopically modelled in terms of the magnetic dipole interaction; (ii) due to atomic interactions, the matter wave equation becomes nonlinear and novel features are expected. We compare Monte Carlo simulations for the condensate order parameter to a kinetic theory for the matter wave coherence function and show that already for moderate interaction parameters, a Bose-Einstein condensate is more robust with respect to a fluctuating environment.We consider an elongated trap similar to those formed above current carrying wires [1]. In the confinement dominated regime, the matter waves can be described in a onedimensional mean field approximation [6] (units withh = m = 1),where the interaction parameter g = 2Ω r a/(1 − 1.46a/a r ) depends on the three-dimensional scattering length a, the radial confinement frequency Ω r and ground state size a r [7]. The density |ψ(x, t)| 2 is normalized to the total number of particles N . The potential V (x, t) determines the dynamics in the axial direction. We assume that for t < 0, the atoms are confined in a harmonic trap with frequency Ω and occupy all the zero-temperature condensate mode φ 0 (x) [8].For t ≥ 0, the axial confinement is switched off, the atoms expand, and we take into account their interaction with magnetic field fluctuations by letting V (x, t) be a random potential. Note that the radial confinement is kept constant. Eq. (1) thus describes the interplay between matter wave interactions and time-dependent noise in an essentially one-dimensional geometry. In contrast to previous work in the field of nonlinear random waves [9, 10], our initial condition does not correspond to a self-contained soliton because we assume repulsive interactions g > 0. Current experiments in wire traps have been hampered by the presence of a static field modulation that leads to the fragmentation of the expandi...

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Dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates: Variational solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations

Cited by 371 publications

References 35 publications

Collapse of axion stars

Collapse of axion stars

Hydrodynamic approach to vortex lifetimes in trapped Bose condensates

Decoherence of Bose-Einstein condensates in microtraps

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